FinCEN could rule that henceforth, if anyone wants to access tether, USD coin, or any other official stablecoin (TrueUSD, Paxos standard, Gemini dollar, Binance USD, HUSD) they will need to apply for a verified stablecoin account.

It’s not evident how a stablecoin issuer can conduct KYC on a smart contract.

This hoard of stablecoins serves as collateral backing for dai, Maker’s decentralized stablecoin.

Compound, Curve and Uniswap might try to adapt by substituting FinCEN compliant stablecoins like USD coin with decentralized ones, say like Maker’s dai stablecoin.

If Maker, like Compound and Curve, can no longer hold USD coin, then dai itself would become less stable.

Crypto payments platform BitPay has settled with the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) on charges of over 2,000 apparent sanctions violations.

The company knew it was facilitating transactions for individuals in sanctioned regions because it had location information and IP addresses, OFAC claimed.

BitPay cooperated with OFAC as the agency investigated the charges.

The notice warned that cryptocurrency companies must abide by OFAC regulations and monitor for possible sanctions risks.

OFAC found the violations to be non-egregious.”The company has since improved its compliance program, the spokesperson said.

Nvidia is also launching Cryptocurrency Mining Processors (CMP) specifically for Ethereum miners.

Gates has previously criticized cryptocurrencies and said he'd short bitcoin "if there was an easy way to do it."

Announced Thursday, Radicle, a fully decentralized code repository, has raised $12 million in funding, integrated its peer-to-peer network with Ethereum and launched the RAD governance token.

Notably, it’s the first crypto investment from NFX since Libra co-creator Morgan Beller left Facebook and joined the VC firm in September 2020.

“We think about Radicle as infrastructure for decentralized communities,” Diakomichalis said in an interview.

“When it comes to value, these communities are very used to interacting with value flows; think about things like DeFi protocols on Ethereum.

A Radicle token streams mockup (Radicle)It should be said that GitHub introduced a system of code sponsoring ba…

The amount is greater than the market capitalization of Intercontinental Exchange Inc., owner of the New York Stock Exchange.

(For what it’s worth, Tesla used Coinbase for its $1.5 billion bitcoin purchase, according to The Block.)

Bitcoin WatchDecline in “whale” entities worth watching, CoinDesk’s Omkar Godbole writesThe number of bitcoin addresses with at least 1,000 bitcoin (roughly $50 million worth) has trailed off recently after rising over the past year.

Token WatchEther (ETH): Ethereum cryptocurrency looks overleveraged after rising to new all-time-high price over $1,900.

The U.S. will eventually adopt bitcoin as a reserve asset, argues Zabo co-founder Alex Treece in an op-ed for Co…

“Bond King” Jeffrey Gundlach has had a change of heart on bitcoin.

Gundlach – CEO of DoubleLine Capital, an investment firm with more than $130 billion in assets under management – now says bitcoin could be a better bet than gold.

Gundlach, who’s previously said “I don’t believe in bitcoin,” tweeted Thursday that “bitcoin may be the stimulus asset.

It doesn’t look like gold is.”Gundlach’s change of stance comes on the heels of bitcoin’s dizzying rise from $10,000 to $52,000 seen in the past 4.5-months.

Gundlach noted he had been neutral on gold for the last six months, while formerly a “gold bull.” He previously said bitcoin was in “bubble territory” when it rose past $23,000 in early Janua…

Getting crypto exchanges across the world to plug into each other and share sensitive customer data is proving to be a complex problem.

This is expected to create a so-called “sunrise problem,” as some parts of the crypto world become regulated ahead of others.

The TRISA testnet begins to address that looming challenge by including a dummy version of an “evil VASP” that will provide false authentication, attempt to steal data and so on.

There are two compliant VASPs as well as the non-compliant exchange on the testnet, explained John Jefferies, co-chairman of TRISA.

“The evil VASP isn’t part of TRISA and it will try and trick people into sharing information,” said Jefferies.

Prediction Markets How Crypto Transforms Prediction Markets Alyssa Hertig Betting can be used to predict the future.

That's the crazy idea behind prediction markets.

Here's how they work and where cryptocurrency fits into the picture.

Critics are quick to invoke the South Sea Bubble of 1720 or the tulips in 1637, but it’s not clear they know enough about our financial past to make those episodes relevant for today.

It’s easy to see why comparing Bitcoin to the South Sea Company’s meteoric rise in the spring and summer of 1720 is so tempting.

This all happened during South Sea mania.

This dampens the risk to the overall financial system rather than fueling the fire like the South Sea directors did in the spring and summer of 1720.

Bitcoin’s 2021 looks nothing like the South Sea Company in 1720.

Prediction Markets How Crypto Transforms Prediction Markets Alyssa Hertig Betting can be used to predict the future.

That's the crazy idea behind prediction markets.

Here's how they work and where cryptocurrency fits into the picture.

To test out this lofty hypothesis, a few prediction markets, including Augur and Omen, are now deployed on Ethereum.

Prediction markets FAQsHow do cryptocurrencies improve prediction markets?

Usually, prediction markets are restricted to use in the countries in which they were created.

Less restrictive : Many of today's most popular prediction markets pile on restrictions.

What are some popular crypto prediction markets?

DisclosureThe leader in blockchain news, CoinDesk is a media outlet that strives for the highest journalistic standards and abides by a strict set of editorial policies .

CoinDesk is an independent operating subsidiary of Digital Currency Group , which invests in cryptocurrencies and blockchain startups

The Swiss canton of Zug has started accepting tax payments in cryptocurrency.

No partial payments in cryptocurrency will be accepted.

Zug has been dubbed “Crypto Valley” over the many industry companies drawn to the jurisdiction over its friendly blockchain and crypto regulation.

Zug-based crypto broker and custodian Bitcoin Suisse has partnered with the canton, converting cryptocurrency payments into Swiss francs for the tax office.

According to the Zug Canton website, residents can request to pay taxes in cryptocurrency and will be emailed a link taking them to the crypto payment option.

“With this current structure, I do not feel comfortable in running a lot of long exposure.”The funding rate is calculated every eight hours and represents the cost of holding long positions.

When perpetuals trade at a premium to spot price, the funding rate is positive (longs pay shorts).

Hence, a very high funding rate is considered a sign of leverage being excessively skewed to the bullish side (overbought conditions) and often injects volatility into the market.

Ether: Average funding rate Source: SkewIn such situations, holding longs at high costs is attractive only if the bullish momentum remains strong.

A pullback or consolidation can trigger an unwinding of longs, leading to a more p…

Basically, the beginner doesn't know how to separate the wheat from the chaff.

In other words, what is the chaff and what is the wheat for your investments?

Illustration of noise, signal and the result of the sum of both generating in the real world.

In the case of Bitcoin, the long-term adoption curve and the scarcity generated by the halving cycles ensure a constant and predictable long-term appreciation.

I make my weekly buys without looking at the price because I know that volatility is short-term noise and that the adoption curve is the long-term signal.

Before I found bitcoin, I was investing heavily into real estate to achieve early retirement and build generational wealth.

Nothing in life comes easy and there are no get-rich-quick schemes that allow you to attain early retirement or generational wealth.

Here is how you can attain retirement, potentially early retirement, with bitcoin, whether you own 0.01 ($680) or 0.001 ($68) of a bitcoin.

I am not a professional financial planner but I have been planning for retirement for over 10 years and I am so infatuated with early retirement that I created my own early retirement blog.

I came upon my 37.5% interest rate by just taking the average between a 25% interest rate and a 50% interest rat…

“Real knowledge is to know the extent of one’s ignorance.” - ConfuciusPrevious articles talked about Bitcoin and the cognitive biases that lead to misconceptions about Bitcoin.

A book called “Agnotology; The Making And Unmaking Of Ignorance” by Robert Proctor sheds a lot of light on the subject.

Ignorance Of What You Have Not Learned YetThis ignorance can be the motivation to learn more as we mature.

There are many who have this type of ignorance about Bitcoin due to the characteristics of their life situation.

Agnotology, or the making of ignorance, is a marketing strategy for many who use it.

A nice home, security, your business’s cash on hand to not deteriorate in purchasing power, time with the family, something else?

Put in another way, the dollar’s purchasing power has decreased, violently, and one needs more of the plummeting currency for the same goods or services.

They place their hard-earned economic energy, in hopes of conserving their purchasing power in a bank, only to find that their purchasing power was whittled away with inflation, reckless federal spending, governmental expansion and monetary policy.

Note that these examples did not “increase in value,” rather the dollars required of them increased and conversely, the dollars’ purchasing power decreased.

By simply…

Nick Szabo, a cryptographer, early Bitcoin developer and brilliant polymath, suggests we practice “quantum thought” and writes in a 2012 blog post:“… quantum thought … demands that we simultaneously consider often mutually contradictory possibilities.

However, unlike quantum thought, binary thinking simplifies complex ideas or concepts and relegates them into one side or another.

However, binary thinking can narrow us into a stuck, dogmatic rigidity that can quickly lead to polarization and conflict.

“I dwell in possibility.” — Emily DickinsonAre you beginning to see the whole of how play and Bitcoin are integrally interconnected?

Ongoing research into play may find play as a fractal strang…

Ledger has launched the latest version of its Bitcoin application, adding support for partially-signed bitcoin transactions (PSBTs), data Merkleization, and new wallet policies, the company said in a statement.

Ledger hardware wallets require users to install specific applications to use their cryptocurrency of choice.

The Bitcoin app enables the Ledger Nano to sign bitcoin transactions offline and engage with the user’s desktop software wallet.

The Paris-based hardware wallet maker also recently added support for the Taproot Bitcoin upgrade.

Founded in 2014, Ledger is a hardware wallet manufacturer that serves retail and institutional clients in 200 countries.

Old World FreedomIn the old world, freedom was something you inherited.

They only valued what it could extract from the labor of people to fund its non-stop wars of the old world.

New World FreedomIn the new world, freedom was earned.

And while they were based on the same principles of the old world, land and property rights, they were groups of men who would have never come close to the levels of some achieved in the new world.

Bitcoin FreedomIt took nearly 300 years from Columbus “discovering” the new world to the Americans challenging the old world power structuctures.

The Fintonia Bitcoin Physical Fund purchases actual bitcoin to provide investors with direct price exposure.

The Fintonia Secured Yield Fund allows bitcoin holders to obtain cash by putting their BTC as collateral.

Singapore-based fund manager Fintonia Group, regulated by the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS), has launched a “physical” bitcoin fund and a yield fund, reported Fund Selector Asia.

“The fund acquires ‘physical’ bitcoin, meaning we will buy the actual bitcoin [rather than] a derivative instrument on bitcoin,” said Adrian Chng, founder and chairman of Fintonia Group, per the report.

The Fintonia Bitcoin Physical Fund aims to provide investors with “quick, safe, and cost-effic…

My favorite book is “The Sovereign Individual” by James Dale Davidson and William Rees-Mogg.

What does it mean to be a sovereign individual?

In the Bitcoin industry’s pursuit of sovereignty, identity plays a critical role.

Individual sovereignty and ownership give us more choices.

Bitcoin has spurred systems that will allow humanity to protect individual sovereignty and accelerate freedom.

Today when most people think of PoW, they immediately think of Bitcoin mining, and when they think of Bitcoin mining they garner images of ASIC-based mining servers lining a warehouse.

The Satoshi of 2008 would likely have found the direction of the Bitcoin mining infrastructure baffling, and, maybe, like me, a bit concerning.

While there are plenty of captive rabbits and horses now, we are moving squarely into the era of the captive elephant.

There are an infinite number of possible locations for wild sites, while the number of possible captive sites is finite.

However, it would be foolish for the Bitcoin mining community to assume that it is infallible and growing ever stronger.

The Turkish lira has been in free fall after President Erdogan demanded the Central Bank of Turkey cut rates for a third consecutive month from 19% to 15%.

The Turkish lira against the U.S. dollar has been weakening over the past decade, but yesterday the currency saw rapid deceleration losing over 10% of its value in one day hitting an all-time low.

With domestic inflation rising, real rates will collapse, incentivizing investment capital to flee for foreign investments.

The repayments on the debt increases demand for foreign currencies, adding even more sell pressure to the Turkish lira.

With the currency’s value eroding at this accelerated pace, bitcoin is hitting new all-time highs agai…

Similar to early man’s discovery of fire, Bitcoin fundamentally and dramatically shifts the trajectory of humanity’s future — for the better.

Bitcoin holds the promise to de-industrialize the powerful centralization of the internet and promote disintermediated, peer-to-peer human engagement and commerce.

Call it “proof-of-work” or “proof-of-play,” each of us can now choose how we define and store creative value in our life.

Mimicking the example of the seed becoming the bush which then replicates thousands of self-similar additional seeds, my bitcoin seed encapsulating my original time and the value of my creative engagement in this world will have exponentially grown in value, potential an…

Topics include Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell’s reappointment and, funnily enough, what it means for the European Central Bank (ECB).

I view this appointment as having a deeper meaning:One, We’ve talked at length on this show about Powell’s refusal to go along with the central bank digital currency (CBDC) hype.

Investors know that a rising dollar hurts the global economy.

For this thesis to be correct, we should see the dollar and bitcoin rising together, and that is exactly what we’ve seen this year; a very tight correlation.

It was during the peak of EDC1 that bitcoin first established itself and rallied in the bitcoin bubble of 2011 to $30.

International fair Design Miami will accept bitcoin payments for artwork this year.

Design Miami has also introduced its companion mobile app, allowing fairgoers to explore and purchase art from their fingertips.

International design fair Design Miami will accept bitcoin payments for the first time in this year’s edition, according to a statement sent to Bitcoin Magazine.

“Design Miami/ is excited to expand its digital offering for this year’s fair, introducing the Official Design Miami/ Mobile App,” per the statement.

Enthusiasts can also access Design Miami any day of the year through their website, featuring shoppable works from the fair’s expert galleries.

Bitcoin has processed more dollar volume than PayPal so far this year.

The peer-to-peer network transacted around $489 billion per quarter on average in 2021, while PayPal amounted to $302 billion.

The Bitcoin network processed 62% more value in dollars than PayPal this year, according to a report by Blockdata.

So far this year, Bitcoin transacted an estimated average of $489 billion per quarter, whereas PayPal amounted to an average of $302 billion.

“If they continue to do so over the next decades, it is entirely possible that the Bitcoin network will process as many, or substantially more transactions than some of the other financial networks do.”

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Popular Metaverse token SAND catapulted into the top fifty cryptocurrencies by market capitalization yesterday at number 35, after growing 76% in the last 7 days, according to data from CoinMarketCap.

SAND is the native utility token for an upcoming open-world blockchain game called The Sandbox, and it has been rallying for a whole month now; it even weathered a marketwide pandemic-related crash.

Tuesday’s announcement that Adidas has a plot of land reserved in The Sandbox contributed to some of its growth this week.

SAND’s price often rises and falls in tandem with another metaverse token called MANA.

MANA is the native token for another open-world game called Decentraland, which launched …

That nothing is now something, and that something looks like a partnership with one of the largest NFT brands around, the Bored Ape Yacht Club.

On the hoodie are the logos of Adidas, the Bored Ape Yacht Club, G-Money and Punks Comic.

Non-fungible tokens, like the Bored Ape Yacht Club, are considered key to the metaverse since they are persistent online identifiers that owners can use to represent themselves across different online spaces.

The Bored Ape Yacht Club is a collection of 10,000 digital apes.

Punks Comic is a punchy NFT Comic that creates comic book characters out of CryptoPunks characters and their collectors, including Beanie, an NFT investor.

Markets may have crashed after Omicron, a new coronavirus “variant of concern”, emerged earlier this week and started spreading to a country near you.

That didn’t, urgh, stop one coin, Omicron, from, 🙁 , spreading.

A single Omicron token is now worth $404, up 137% in the past 24 hours and 735% compared to its all-time low on November 17.

The Omicron token powers a decentralized reserve currency protocol on the Arbitrum Network.

The main way to keep pumping the price of the Omicron token and its yield farm is by ‘supply growth’, and the whole thing falls apart if people stop investing money.

Lucky for you, Decrypt is on hand to roll up all the notable Crypto Twitter happenings into one bite-sized missive.

Mr. Goxx, the crypto trading hamster, has passed away.

At the height of his trading, three months after he started, Mr. Goxx was up 30%, outperforming financial titans like Warren Buffett and Cathie Wood.

— Mr. Goxx (@mrgoxx) November 24, 2021You’re probably wondering how a rodent achieves anything in finance.

RIP Mr. Goxx.

Crypto exchange OKEx has listed it and the coin traded $369,731,773 in the past day, according to data from CoinMarketCap.

ConstitutionDAO "cannot and will not endorse any future plans for the token", including derivative projects and secondary trading.

Chinese investors are particularly excited about the token; an unofficial chat for the project already has 37,000 members.

Lots of people think it's the next Shiba Inu token, which itself was the successor to Dogecoin.

It's clear that PEOPLE could quickly become the next meme coin, not useful per se but instead valuable because of the spirit of its buoyant community.

In brief Adidas has partnered with Coinbase and The Sandbox.

A Coinbase spokesperson said the Coinbase deal is part of Adidas’s metaverse push.

It read: “Hey @adidasoriginals, impossible is nothing in the Metaverse.

Hey @adidasoriginals, impossible is nothing in the Metaverse.

Probably…A spokesman for Adidas told CityAM on Thursday that the Coinbase partnership is part of Adidas’s strategy to gain a foothold in the metaverse.

Reports of a new COVID variant dubbed Omicron impacted crypto markets this week, briefly pulling the price of Bitcoin down to $53.5k yesterday, and the price of Ethereum to $3,933.

Within a few hours yesterday, Bitcoin sank almost 9% from $58.7k.

On Monday, Bitcoin was 12.4% down from the previous week as concerns over the United States’ $1.2 trillion infrastructure bill mounted.

However, Bitcoin and the wider crypto market may have caught a break in DC earlier this week.

Yesterday, Basic Attention Token (BAT) defied the market slump and grew 10% overnight to set a new all-time high of $1.85.

The DAO failed to win the auction and announced it was going to refund contributors.

Since the DAO closed on November 23, its native PEOPLE token has risen nearly 4,000% to a new all-time high of $0.16.

Several analysts estimated that the total amount of gas fees paid by contributors to the DAO was somewhere around the million dollar mark.

Data from Dune Analytics shows that 55.28% of the total supply of 4,565,078,206 PEOPLE tokens has been returned at the time of writing.

Just as users had to suffer high gas fees to contribute their Ethereum to the pool, they’re now facing a symmetrical situation now as they have to pay gas fees again to receive the refund.

In 2021, crypto has gone more mainstream than ever before, and there's now a growing library of books exploring Bitcoin and blockchain tech for the legions of crypto-curious.

What Digital Gold is for Bitcoin, The Infinite Machine is for Ethereum.

Meticulously researched and expertly related, The Infinite Machine is the thrilling tale of Ethereum’s “army of crypto-hackers,” its eight founding members.

by Neel Mehta, Aditya Agashe and Parth DetrojaIf you are completely new to blockchain and cryptocurrency, then this is the book for you.

—Stephen GravesOut of the Ether, by Matthew LeisingOut of the Ether pulls double duty as a book about Ethereum.

Two months after El Salvador's state-sponsored Bitcoin wallet launched by gifting Salvadorans $30 worth of the cryptocurrency, many still don't know what to do with the tech.

Chivo is the brainchild of El Salvador's government: a crypto wallet for citizens to use Bitcoin in their everyday lives.

⚠️: A short story on how bad the chivo wallet is: Yesterday with @Breez_Tech CEO Roy we tried paying with LN at some local meat restaurant.

Regarding Chivo, he said: "None of the problems facing the Chivo wallet surprise me.

Forty-eight-year-old Rodolfo Rosales, a teacher, added that there were a lot of misconceptions about Bitcoin in El Salvador.

The most important tenant, at least for crypto enthusiasts, however, is that of the country’s ambitions to digitalize.

Germany’s focus on tokenized stocks, fundsThe new government pledged to create a digital state and develop new strategies for cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology.

“We need a new dynamic in relation to the opportunities and risks from new financial innovations, crypto assets and business models,” the 177-page document reads.

"The coalition agreement is clear: after allowing tokenized funds the next step are tokenized stocks.

On Wednesday, the European Council adopted two proposals for regulating cryptocurrencies: the Regulation on Markets in Crypto Assets (MiCA) and t…

A Google Threat Horizon Report published earlier this week has raised concerns over hacked cloud accounts being used to mine cryptocurrency.

“Malicious actors were observed performing cryptocurrency mining within compromised Cloud instances,” the report said.

It added that of 50 recent examples, 86% of cases showed that hackers were mining cryptocurrencies with the accounts.

The report, published by the Google Cybersecurity Action Team, intends to “provide actionable intelligence that enables organizations to ensure their cloud environments are best protected,” Google said.

Google, crypto, and the “threat horizon”Google’s Threat Analysis Group sounded similar alarms last month when it warne…

In brief Artist Damien Hirst turned his recent cover art for Drake’s “Certified Lover Boy” album into a series of NFTs.

But there’s no minting event or public sale for the 10,000 Ethereum NFT collectibles, which Hirst has dubbed Great Expectations.

“Everything done well is art,” Hirst tweeted Thursday.

pic.twitter.com/IlB0EjpGrg — Damien Hirst (@hirst_official) November 25, 2021Hirst detailed the creation of Great Expectations across a series of tweets.

Secondary sales of The Currency NFTs have thus far yielded some $61.7 million worth of trading volume in ETH on OpenSea.

South Park doesn’t usually miss a beat when it comes to satirizing pop culture.

“It’s the future — we’ve all decided centralized banking is rigged so we trust more in fly-by-night Ponzi schemes” a motel clerk declares to Stan Marsh in the episode.

On the motel’s reception counter, a sign reads “Bitcoin only.”Last night’s episode is called “Post COVID” and is set roughly forty years into the future.

Crypto, South Park, and popular cultureSouth Park’s “Margaritaville” episode back in 2009, for example, birthed one of the most meme-able lines of all time.

Given crypto’s popularity, it’s perhaps surprising that there aren’t more minutes of South Park crypto footage.

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Soros Fund Management owns cryptocurrenciesSoros Fund Management, the family office established in 1970 by billionaire investor George Soros, owns some cryptocurrencies, the fund’s CEO and CIO Dawn Fitzpatrick revealed in an interview with Bloomberg.

She also stressed that the Soros Fund is eyeing cryptocurrencies beyond the “inflation hedge” narrative.

While not directly confirming that the fund has invested in Bitcoin, Fitzpatrick said that they "own some coins–not a lot."

China declares cryptocurrency-related business illegalThe People’s Bank of China (PBOC) said bitcoin, ether, and stablecoin tether do not qualify as legal tender and cannot be used in the currency market.

The central bank declared all virtual currency-related activities illegal, including derivative transactions and overseas virtual currency exchanges serving Chinese residents.

Blockstream has raised $210 millionBlockstream has raised $210 million in a Series B funding round that values the bitcoin technology firm at $3.2 billion and will fund an expansion into manufacturing mining chips.

U.K. investment management firm Baillie Gifford and iFinex, the parent company of cryptocurrency exchange Bitfinex and stablecoin issuer Tether, participated in the round, Blockstream said Tuesday.

No other investors were mentioned.

Blockstream also said it had acquired the intellectual property and key employees of Israeli bitcoin mining hardware manufacturer Spondoolies for undisclosed terms.

World Bank refuses to help El Salvador implement BitcoinAs reported by Reuters, the World Bank has responded negatively to El Salvador's request for help in fully implementing bitcoin as legal tender in the country, citing concerns about Bitcoin’s transparency and environmental impact.

"We are committed to helping El Salvador in numerous ways including for currency transparency and regulatory processes," a World Bank spokesperson told Reuters via email.

"While the government did approach us for assistance on bitcoin, this is not something the World Bank can support given the environmental and transparency shortcomings."

Taproot locked inTaproot has locked in with Bitcoin protocol upgrade now set to activate in November.

Taproot, the Bitcoin protocol upgrade that makes smart contracts more private and compact, has locked in.

As of just now, more than 90 percent of all blocks that will be mined in the current difficulty period have signaled support for the upgrade, which means that Bitcoin Core versions 0.21.1 and newer will start enforcing the new rules in November of this year, as will the alternative Taproot activation client.

Square allocates $5 mln in BTC to its Bitcoin Endowment programFinancial services company Square has allocated $5 million in BTC to its Bitcoin Endowment program and has selected educational program Black Bitcoin Billionaire as the first-ever recipient for a grant from the program.

Black Bitcoin Billionaire is receiving 1 BTC from the endowment, according to Square.

The allocation comes as part of a larger commitment to invest $100 million in minority and underserved communities, originally made in September 2020.

Square announced the allocation of $25 million of this total investment yesterday and released a memo outlining more details.

Ledger completes $380 million fundraiseLedger, a hardware wallet manufacturer for bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, has announced the completion of a $380 million series C investment round led by cryptocurrency-focused investment fund 10T Holdings, whose CEO will now be joining the Ledger board.

With this fundraising round, Ledger has an implied $1.5 billion valuation, conferring it the status of a “unicorn” startup.

“This Series C announcement marks the transition of Ledger from the leading digital asset security company to becoming the secure gateway to the entire digital asset ecosystem,” said Ledger’s CEO Pascal Gauthier, per the announcement.

“This industry is fast becoming mainstrea…

El Salvador officially recognizes Bitcoin as a legal tenderIn an early Wednesday vote, a supermajority of the nation’s legislature voted in favor of President Nayib Bukele’s proposal for the Latin American nation to adopt bitcoin.

The president intends to sign later tonight or early in the morning.

Sixty-two members of the legislature voted in favor of the bill, with 19 opposed and three abstentions.

Лидеры проекта MinePlex Banking и ведущие бизнес-эксперты расскажут, что такое «блокчейн по-русски» и как использовать возможности технологии, чтобы начать зарабатывать.

Чтобы научить участников встречи зарабатывать на блокчейне, команда MinePlex Banking и бизнес-эксперты раскроют многие темы, включая следующие:Как организовать пассивный доход при помощи новых технологий и ежемесячно получать % от инвестиций.

Как зарабатывать в криптоиндустрии.

Как криптобанк нового поколения MinePlex стал инструментом для заработка, и что нужно делать, чтобы начать зарабатывать с его помощью.

Сергей Зеленский – партнер MinePlex Banking.

Акции публичных майнеров генерируют альфа и обладают большей волатильностью, чем биткойн.

Что означают альфа и бета?

Альфа и бета публичных майнеровОтслеживание альфа и бета публичных майнинговых компаний в сравнении с биткойном может дать инвесторам представление об уровне сверхдоходности и волатильности этих инвестиций.

Как можно было ожидать, за длительный период майнеры генерируют альфа и подвержены большей волатильности по сравнению с биткойном.

В таблицах ниже приведены альфа и бета акций майнинговых компаний по различным периодам.

на фоне общей распродажи на глобальных рынках, вызванной опасениями по поводу нового варианта COVID, обнаруженного в Южной Африке.

В сущности, все основания для сигнала о формировании дна остаются неизменными, не считая непредсказуемого спада глобальных рынков из-за обнаружения нового (опасного) варианта COVID.

В сущности, все основания для сигнала о формировании дна остаются неизменными, не считая непредсказуемого спада глобальных рынков из-за обнаружения нового (опасного) варианта COVID.

Ожидания в отношении цены: формирование дна в следующие 2–4 дня.

На основании предоставленных данных, вы принимаете инвестиционные решения взвешенно, ответственно и на свой страх и риск.

В ЦБ КНР считают, что государственные органы должны усилить надзор за незаконным обращением цифровых активов.

В Китае в рамках усиления регулирования цифровых активов создадут систему отслеживания криптовалютных транзакций, сообщает Baijiahao.

Вэньцзюнь отметил, что система отслеживания криптотранзакций должна быть разработана на основе искусственного интеллекта и других передовых технологий, которые позволят властям идентифицировать отправителей и получателей цифровых активов.

Использование цифровых активов в стране теперь приравнивается к незаконной финансовой деятельности.

Жесткие меры в отношении криптовалют начали вводить в Китае еще в конце мая текущего года после призыва вице-премьер…

Изучение данных о базовой комиссии Эфириума на поблочной основе предполагает, что может существовать какая-то польза в установке раннего сигнала на выходные в США или в планировании транзакций.

Базовая комиссия колеблется в зависимости от спроса на пространство блока, повышаясь или понижаясь максимум на 12,5% от блока к блоку в зависимости от вместимости предыдущего блока.

На приведённой ниже диаграмме показана средняя базовая комиссия (измеряемая в GWEI) по минутам и дням недели по Нью-Йоркскому/восточноевропейскому времени.

Продажи на OpenSea, как правило, происходили в рабочее время в США, но, во всяком случае, они более сконцентрированы в выходные.

На основании предоставленных данных, в…

Большая часть того, что я привожу ниже в рубрике «Объяснение Tether Inc», взято из прекрасного интервью Питера Маккормака с руководителями Tether.

Они всегда спешат добавить, что «USDT неизменно привязан к одному доллару и соответственно “оценивается” Tether Inc» (что ничего не значит).

То есть пользователи верят, что Tether Inc всегда имеет точное количество активов, чтобы обеспечить свой объём Tether.

Tether и цена БиткойнаЭта часть будет короткой, потому что я не думаю, что это важнейший вопрос (в отличие от рассмотренного выше).

Публиковались научные статьи, показывающие рост корреляции между эмиссией USDT и ценой BTC, но они спорные и в них находили изъяны.

Последняя макрораспродажа, особенно для рисковых активов, привела к снижению цены BTC на 22% от последнего рекордного максимума.

Большинство долгосрочных инвесторов на сегодня имеют большой опыт сильных коррекций цены биткойна от рекордных максимумов; текущее движение находится примерно на уровне среднегодового размера просадки цены.

Аналогичным образом и в Coin-Days Destroyed (CDD) наблюдается резкий всплеск числа разрушенных койн-дней за последние сутки.

Текущая волатильность и движения цены должны напомнить всем участникам рынка, что чрезмерного использования левериджа следует избегать любой ценой.

На основании предоставленных данных, вы принимаете инвестиционные решения взвешенно, ответ…

Однако еще только пятница, и не всегда, но часто недельные свечи «исправляются» за выходные.

Пока что ~$53 тыс.

Я показал это на 12-часовом графике ниже, на дневном таймфрейме всё то же самое.

Но это, конечно, не остановит чрезмерно эмоциональных инвесторов от паники и сбрасывания активов в краткосрочной перспективе.

На основании предоставленных данных, вы принимаете инвестиционные решения взвешенно, ответственно и на свой страх и риск.

Банк России опубликовал обзор финансовой стабильности за III—IV кварталы текущего года, в котором оценил годовой объем операций россиян с цифровыми активами в $5 млрд (около 350 млрд рублей).

Также в ЦБ отметили, что российские пользователи являются одними из наиболее активных участников рынка цифровых валют.

Россия находится в числе лидеров по количеству посещений бирж цифровых валют, сказано в обзоре регулятора.

Риски усугубляются непониманием криптоинвесторами особенностей функционирования рынка цифровых валют, рисками мошенничества и хакерских атак, добавили в ЦБ.

«Стремительный рост и широкое распространение цифровых валют создают все более высокие риски как на глобальном уровне, так и…

И в каждом из трех предыдущих случаев движение цены в последующие месяцы было невероятно сильным.

Потому что рынок еще не отошел от состояния «перегрева».

Кто-то из вас может сейчас задаваться вопросом о том, что это еще за накопительный цилиндр.

В текущей коррекции мы еще не видели появления красных точек, и это говорит о том, что в еще одном нисходящем движении мы могли бы получить одну-другую.

На основании предоставленных данных, вы принимаете инвестиционные решения взвешенно, ответственно и на свой страх и риск.

SEC проведет дискуссию по вопросам криптовалюты и цифровых активов.

Обсуждение будет направлено на обеспечение защиты инвесторов, что является основной задачей комиссии.

Члены комиссии обсудят оптимизацию существующей в настоящее время нормативной базы в соответствии с недавно сформированной децентрализованной рыночной структурой.

В группу войдут специалисты из различных финансовых компаний и университетов, в том числе Эли Эмдад, которая работает профессором Школы бизнеса и менеджмента Грейвса при Государственном университете Моргана и является директором-основателем Центра изучения блокчейна и финансовых технологий.

После этого комиссия переключит тему на «Возможная роль Комиссии по ценным…

Взгляните на визуализацию заполненности мемпулов ниже и обратите внимание на огромный контраст между первым и вторым полугодием.

Самое простое объяснение пустых мемпулов состоит в том, что люди просто совершают меньше транзакций, продолжая тренд, начатый еще в июне.

На графике ниже показано, что, хотя цена BTC вернулась к уровням начала года, количество транзакций в сети сейчас существенно ниже.

И это подтверждается также некоторым увеличением среднего размера транзакций в основном блокчейне.

И это признак здоровой сети, способной обеспечивать эффективный трансфер капитала между пользователями.

Рабочая группа по вопросам легализации майнинга и обращения с криптовалютами начнет деятельность в Государственной Думе в ближайшее время.

«Группа формируется персонально, и уже в ближайшее время заседания начнутся».

Аксаков подчеркнул, что к созданию этого органа относится позитивно и с пониманием:«Считаю, что у нас есть серые нерегулируемые зоны, связанные с выпуском, обращением криптовалют, налогообложением, операциями с криптовалютами.

Сам председатель думского комитета тоже будет участвовать в работе группы, чтобы попытаться найти решения животрепещущих вопросов, связанных с легализацией криптовалют в России.

Депутат Андрей Луговой (фракция ЛДПР) на пленарном заседании Государственной …

И чем больше мы верим в то, что век программного обеспечения и интернета будет определяться и управляться сетями, и тем более если мы думаем, что участники сетей также будут и владеть их частями, нам лучше быть готовыми к большому количеству рефлексивности.

Акции являются относительно средними, в то время как нефть и биткойн демонстрируют более высокую вероятность устойчивого тренда в течение этих периодов времени.

Чтобы ещё раз подтвердить вышеприведённое исследование, мы провели несколько ретроспективных тестов, чтобы выяснить, действительно ли простая стратегия следования тренду работает лучше на крипторынках, чем на традиционных рынках.

Выше видно, что криптоактивы, такие как ETH и BTC,…

Основатель и CEO Binance Чанпэн Чжао в октябре стал владельцем недвижимости в «дружелюбном к криптовалютам» Дубае. В Bloomberg увидели в этом сигнал предстоящего открытия головного офиса биткоин-биржи. «Правительство [эмирата] прогрессивное, создали хорошие условия для бизнеса. Мы ориентируемся на эту локацию. Я купил там квартиру», — заявил он. Ранее Чжао назвал машину и дом «неликвидными», объяснив этим их отсутствие в собственности. В интервью CEO Binance отметил сохранение интереса биткоин-биржи к Сингапуру, в котором местный филиал подал заявку в MAS на получение лицензии. По словам Чжао, объявление об открытии штаб-квартиры последует после обсуждения вопроса с регуляторами., «Необязат…

Цена первой криптовалюты скорректировалась ниже $55 000, участок виртуальной земли в NFT-игре Axie Infinity продали за рекордные 550 ETH, Байден заявил о планах оставить Джерома Пауэлла на посту главы ФРС и другие события уходящей недели. Цена биткоина упала ниже $55 000 В пятницу, 26 ноября, котировки первой криптовалюты опустились ниже отметки $55 000. Снижение сопровождалось ликвидацией позиций на сумму $156 млн на рынке фьючерсов. На следующий день цена цифрового золота продолжила падение, в моменте достигнув отметки $53 500 (на бирже Binance). Одной из причин падения могла стать экспирация опционов 26 ноября почти на $3 млрд. Другой — новости о выявлении нового штамма СOVID-19. На посл…

Команда MuesliSwap объявила о запуске первой DEX в мейннете Cardano.

Платформа использует модель книги заявок централизованных бирж, что позволяет размещать лимитные ордера.

MuesliSwap is now live on Cardano mainnet!

We are proud to announce that MuesliSwap has just launched as the first decentralized exchange (DEX) on Cardano.

https://t.co/WTevels5nT #DEX #ADA #CARDANO #FIRST #MILK

Децентрализованная биржа деривативов dYdX предупредила об уязвимости, которая была обнаружена в «недавно развернутом смарт-контракте».

Команда проекта сообщила, что средства пользователей находятся в безопасности, а ошибка оперативно устранена.

At 05:21 UTC today the dYdX team was alerted of a security issue with a newly deployed smart contract❗If you have set allowance to deposit to https://t.co/1WbZbCpiuX since Wednesday 11/24 read for important recovery information❗NO FUNDS WERE LOST AND ALL FUNDS ARE SAFE 🔒

Solana has pursued the vision of a single, fast and scalable blockchain from the start.

Today, it has become one of the fastest growing ecosystems in crypto with hundreds of projects spanning DeFi, NFTs, Web3 and more.

Last week 2,000 attendees descended on Lisbon for the first ever Solana conference, Breakpoint.

We caught up with Co-founder and CEO Anatoly Yakovenko at the event for a chat about the Solana journey and some of the most important questions they are facing today around decentralization, scalability, governance, and MEV.

Coin Center is an independent not-profit research and advocacy organization focused on the public policy issues that affect cryptocurrencies and open permissionless blockchain networks.

Their mission is to build a better understanding of technologies like Ethereum and Bitcoin and to promote a regulatory climate that preserves free speech and privacy.

Jerry Brito and Peter Van Valkenburgh joined us for a fascinating chat about the current regulatory landscape in the US and how that might affect the crypto ecosystem going forward.

Cometh is a game on Ethereum that lets users own yield-generating NFTs, integrating both DeFi and NFT features into a single, fun gaming experience.

As a player, you control spaceships (also called astronomers) orbiting around giant stars and your goal is to position yourself close to the asteroids (also known as smart asteroids) passing by.

When you are close enough, you will be able to mine tokens from that asteroid.

Jerome de Tychey, founder of the project, joined us to chat about how the game works, interactions with AMMs and lending protocols, and the future of blockchain gaming.

Gyroscope is an “all-weather stablecoin” that is backed by a reserve portfolio that tries to diversify across many risk factors.

By maintaining a reserve of many decorrelated assets, it makes Gyro Dollars more resilient, similar to how it is hard to move a spinning gyroscope.

In a market where there’s an explosion of new stablecoins, Gyroscope attempts to find a niche by providing a very stable and resilient option.

We were joined by co-founders Lewis Gudgeon and Ariah Klages-Mundt to chat about how Gyroscope works and their strategy to try to make it a standard throughout DeFi.

PieDAO is is a decentralized asset manager for tokenized portfolios and enables anyone to create allocations for both crypto and traditional assets.

PIES are non-custodial pools available to anyone in the world with an internet connection.

PIES require no minimum deposits for users.

Token holders are given voting rights on all decisions.

We were joined by the Founder of PieDAO, Alessio Delmonti, to talk about how the project works and why he is so committed to making wealth creation more accessible to all.

Notional is a protocol on Ethereum that facilitates fixed-rate, fixed-term crypto asset lending and borrowing.

The core concept of Notional is fCash, a zero-compound bond defined by a currency type and maturity date.

Notional’s liquidity pools are built by liquidity providers who contribute cTokens and fCash and act as counterparty to the lenders and borrowers that are active on the protocol.

We were joined by co-founders Teddy Woodward and Jeff Wu to chat about the benefits and tradeoffs of fixed rate interest borrowing, how Notional operates, and comparisons to other lending protocols in the space.

Lido is a DAO that provides a liquid staking solution for Ethreum 2.0.

It lets users stake their Ether, without locking assets or needing to maintain infrastructure, whilst participating in on-chain activities.

Lido attempts to solve the problems associated with initial Ethereum 2.0 staking – illiquidity, minimum requirements, immovability and accessibility, by making staked Ether liquid and allowing for participation in DeFi.

Vasiliy Shapovalov, Co-founder of Lido, joined us to talk about all things Ethereum staking and the benefits of liquid staking with Lido.

The Reserve project is on a mission to provide every person in the world access to stable currency.

They are working to rebuild financial services in countries such as Argentina and Venezuela, that have suffered from high inflation and ongoing currency devaluation.

The protocol is designed to host a completely decentralized stablecoin that can not be manipulated by governments, with an end goal of a fully self-sustainable platform with decentralized governance and developments.

We were joined by Co-founder & CEO, Nevin Freeman, to chat about Reserve’s focus in Latin America, their support of activism, and the road ahead for the project.

Hermez is an open-source ZK-Rollup optimised for secure, low-cost and usable token transfers on the wings of Ethereum. The Hermez network team is currently developing the next version of the decentralised ZK-Rollup with full support of Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) by making a full set of zkEVM opcodes.Jordi Baylina, the Technical Lead at Hermez, joined us to chat about how the protocol works, the recent merge with Polygon, and the roadmap leading to Eth2.0.Topics covered in this episode:Jordi's involvement in the infamous DAO hackThe Giveth community he created with Griff GreenHow Hermez use EVM opcodes to combine zk and EVMHow the protocol works as a userHow do token transfers work?Curre…

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ParaSwap is a DEX aggregator that aims to provide the best prices over multiple DEXes on the Ethereum blockchain.

Users are able to scan dozens of exchanges for the best possible crypto price points, and get the most for their swaps.

We were joined by ParaSwap Founder, Mounir Benchemled, to chat about his role in the French DeFi community, DEX aggregators in general, and what makes ParaSwap an important slice of the DeFi ecosystem.

Mike Novogratz is the CEO of Galaxy Digital, an investment bank targeting institutional investors, which he also founded.

He was formerly a Partner and President of Fortress Investment Group LLC and prior to that Partner at Goldman Sachs.

Considered quite the risk taker, he has made and lost many fortunes over the years.

We chatted to Mike about the cross over between finance and blockchain, regulatory affairs, and of course, wrestling.

The DFINITY Foundation is a not-for-profit scientific research organization with a mission to build, promote, and maintain the Internet Computer.

The IC is a layer 1 smart contract enabled blockchain which achieves remarkable scaling properties through native sharding.

We were joined by Founder and Chief Scientist of DFINITY, Dominic Williams, who explained his deep support for smart contracts, gave us an insight into the Internet Computer Ecosystem, and shared his visions for its future.

Aztec Protocol enables private transactions on Ethereum.

It uses a zero-knowledge proof system, allowing users to effectively create shielded representations of tokens, which can then be sent and redeemed for the underlying token.

They recently launched Aztec 2.0 and their rollup service for Ethereum, zk.money.

This allows users to submit Ether to the Aztec rollup contract with the options to shield, send privately, unshield and emergency ushield (escape hatch).

The latest version also allows DeFi users to save gas and participate anonymously in DeFi transactions.

Jimmy Song (Bitcoin educator, entrepreneur and developer) and Alex Gladstein (CSO of Human Rights Foundation) join me in this episode to talk about their fantastic new book, The Little Bitcoin Book.

This is the perfect short book to give your precoiner friends!

It has succinct explanations on why bitcoin is important.

Listen to this episode to learn more about how this book came together, what the authors are hoping to achieve, and if you like it - then make sure you buy copies of the book to give to your friends and family.

Links: The Little Bitcoin Book website: http://littlebitcoinbook.com/ The Little Bitcoin Book on Amazon: https://www.amazon.com.au/Little-Bitcoin-Book-Matters-Finances-…

Jimmy Song (Bitcoin educator, entrepreneur and developer) and Alex Gladstein (CSO of Human Rights Foundation) join me in this episode to talk about their fantastic new book, The Little Bitcoin Book.

This is the perfect short book to give your precoiner friends!

It has succinct explanations on why bitcoin is important.

Listen to this episode to learn more about how this book came together, what the authors are hoping to achieve, and if you like it - then make sure you buy copies of the book to give to your friends and family.

Links: The Little Bitcoin Book website: http://littlebitcoinbook.com/ The Little Bitcoin Book on Amazon: https://www.amazon.com.au/Little-Bitcoin-Book-Matters-Finances-…

Jimmy Song (Bitcoin educator, entrepreneur and developer) and Alex Gladstein (CSO of Human Rights Foundation) join me in this episode to talk about their fantastic new book, The Little Bitcoin Book.

This is the perfect short book to give your precoiner friends!

It has succinct explanations on why bitcoin is important.

Listen to this episode to learn more about how this book came together, what the authors are hoping to achieve, and if you like it - then make sure you buy copies of the book to give to your friends and family.

Links: The Little Bitcoin Book website: http://littlebitcoinbook.com/ The Little Bitcoin Book on Amazon: https://www.amazon.com.au/Little-Bitcoin-Book-Matters-Finances-…

Jimmy Song (Bitcoin educator, entrepreneur and developer) and Alex Gladstein (CSO of Human Rights Foundation) join me in this episode to talk about their fantastic new book, The Little Bitcoin Book.

This is the perfect short book to give your precoiner friends!

It has succinct explanations on why bitcoin is important.

Listen to this episode to learn more about how this book came together, what the authors are hoping to achieve, and if you like it - then make sure you buy copies of the book to give to your friends and family.

Links: The Little Bitcoin Book website: http://littlebitcoinbook.com/ The Little Bitcoin Book on Amazon: https://www.amazon.com.au/Little-Bitcoin-Book-Matters-Finances-…

Jimmy Song (Bitcoin educator, entrepreneur and developer) and Alex Gladstein (CSO of Human Rights Foundation) join me in this episode to talk about their fantastic new book, The Little Bitcoin Book.

This is the perfect short book to give your precoiner friends!

It has succinct explanations on why bitcoin is important.

Listen to this episode to learn more about how this book came together, what the authors are hoping to achieve, and if you like it - then make sure you buy copies of the book to give to your friends and family.

Links: The Little Bitcoin Book website: http://littlebitcoinbook.com/ The Little Bitcoin Book on Amazon: https://www.amazon.com.au/Little-Bitcoin-Book-Matters-Finances-…

Jimmy Song (Bitcoin educator, entrepreneur and developer) and Alex Gladstein (CSO of Human Rights Foundation) join me in this episode to talk about their fantastic new book, The Little Bitcoin Book.

This is the perfect short book to give your precoiner friends!

It has succinct explanations on why bitcoin is important.

Listen to this episode to learn more about how this book came together, what the authors are hoping to achieve, and if you like it - then make sure you buy copies of the book to give to your friends and family.

Links: The Little Bitcoin Book website: http://littlebitcoinbook.com/ The Little Bitcoin Book on Amazon: https://www.amazon.com.au/Little-Bitcoin-Book-Matters-Finances-…

Jimmy Song (Bitcoin educator, entrepreneur and developer) and Alex Gladstein (CSO of Human Rights Foundation) join me in this episode to talk about their fantastic new book, The Little Bitcoin Book.

This is the perfect short book to give your precoiner friends!

It has succinct explanations on why bitcoin is important.

Listen to this episode to learn more about how this book came together, what the authors are hoping to achieve, and if you like it - then make sure you buy copies of the book to give to your friends and family.

Links: The Little Bitcoin Book website: http://littlebitcoinbook.com/ The Little Bitcoin Book on Amazon: https://www.amazon.com.au/Little-Bitcoin-Book-Matters-Finances-…

Jimmy Song (Bitcoin educator, entrepreneur and developer) and Alex Gladstein (CSO of Human Rights Foundation) join me in this episode to talk about their fantastic new book, The Little Bitcoin Book.

This is the perfect short book to give your precoiner friends!

It has succinct explanations on why bitcoin is important.

Listen to this episode to learn more about how this book came together, what the authors are hoping to achieve, and if you like it - then make sure you buy copies of the book to give to your friends and family.

Links: The Little Bitcoin Book website: http://littlebitcoinbook.com/ The Little Bitcoin Book on Amazon: https://www.amazon.com.au/Little-Bitcoin-Book-Matters-Finances-…

Jimmy Song (Bitcoin educator, entrepreneur and developer) and Alex Gladstein (CSO of Human Rights Foundation) join me in this episode to talk about their fantastic new book, The Little Bitcoin Book.

This is the perfect short book to give your precoiner friends!

It has succinct explanations on why bitcoin is important.

Listen to this episode to learn more about how this book came together, what the authors are hoping to achieve, and if you like it - then make sure you buy copies of the book to give to your friends and family.

Links: The Little Bitcoin Book website: http://littlebitcoinbook.com/ The Little Bitcoin Book on Amazon: https://www.amazon.com.au/Little-Bitcoin-Book-Matters-Finances-…

Jimmy Song (Bitcoin educator, entrepreneur and developer) and Alex Gladstein (CSO of Human Rights Foundation) join me in this episode to talk about their fantastic new book, The Little Bitcoin Book.

This is the perfect short book to give your precoiner friends!

It has succinct explanations on why bitcoin is important.

Listen to this episode to learn more about how this book came together, what the authors are hoping to achieve, and if you like it - then make sure you buy copies of the book to give to your friends and family.

Links: The Little Bitcoin Book website: http://littlebitcoinbook.com/ The Little Bitcoin Book on Amazon: https://www.amazon.com.au/Little-Bitcoin-Book-Matters-Finances-…

Jimmy Song (Bitcoin educator, entrepreneur and developer) and Alex Gladstein (CSO of Human Rights Foundation) join me in this episode to talk about their fantastic new book, The Little Bitcoin Book.

This is the perfect short book to give your precoiner friends!

It has succinct explanations on why bitcoin is important.

Listen to this episode to learn more about how this book came together, what the authors are hoping to achieve, and if you like it - then make sure you buy copies of the book to give to your friends and family.

Links: The Little Bitcoin Book website: http://littlebitcoinbook.com/ The Little Bitcoin Book on Amazon: https://www.amazon.com.au/Little-Bitcoin-Book-Matters-Finances-…

Jimmy Song (Bitcoin educator, entrepreneur and developer) and Alex Gladstein (CSO of Human Rights Foundation) join me in this episode to talk about their fantastic new book, The Little Bitcoin Book.

This is the perfect short book to give your precoiner friends!

It has succinct explanations on why bitcoin is important.

Listen to this episode to learn more about how this book came together, what the authors are hoping to achieve, and if you like it - then make sure you buy copies of the book to give to your friends and family.

Links: The Little Bitcoin Book website: http://littlebitcoinbook.com/ The Little Bitcoin Book on Amazon: https://www.amazon.com.au/Little-Bitcoin-Book-Matters-Finances-…

Jimmy Song (Bitcoin educator, entrepreneur and developer) and Alex Gladstein (CSO of Human Rights Foundation) join me in this episode to talk about their fantastic new book, The Little Bitcoin Book.

This is the perfect short book to give your precoiner friends!

It has succinct explanations on why bitcoin is important.

Listen to this episode to learn more about how this book came together, what the authors are hoping to achieve, and if you like it - then make sure you buy copies of the book to give to your friends and family.

Links: The Little Bitcoin Book website: http://littlebitcoinbook.com/ The Little Bitcoin Book on Amazon: https://www.amazon.com.au/Little-Bitcoin-Book-Matters-Finances-…

Jimmy Song (Bitcoin educator, entrepreneur and developer) and Alex Gladstein (CSO of Human Rights Foundation) join me in this episode to talk about their fantastic new book, The Little Bitcoin Book.

This is the perfect short book to give your precoiner friends!

It has succinct explanations on why bitcoin is important.

Listen to this episode to learn more about how this book came together, what the authors are hoping to achieve, and if you like it - then make sure you buy copies of the book to give to your friends and family.

Links: The Little Bitcoin Book website: http://littlebitcoinbook.com/ The Little Bitcoin Book on Amazon: https://www.amazon.com.au/Little-Bitcoin-Book-Matters-Finances-…

Jimmy Song (Bitcoin educator, entrepreneur and developer) and Alex Gladstein (CSO of Human Rights Foundation) join me in this episode to talk about their fantastic new book, The Little Bitcoin Book.

This is the perfect short book to give your precoiner friends!

It has succinct explanations on why bitcoin is important.

Listen to this episode to learn more about how this book came together, what the authors are hoping to achieve, and if you like it - then make sure you buy copies of the book to give to your friends and family.

Links: The Little Bitcoin Book website: http://littlebitcoinbook.com/ The Little Bitcoin Book on Amazon: https://www.amazon.com.au/Little-Bitcoin-Book-Matters-Finances-…

Jose Fernandez da Ponte, PayPal’s senior vice president and general manager of blockchain, crypto, and digital currencies, discusses PayPal’s crypto game plan, how CBDCs might be implemented, crypto regulations, and[...]

The post PayPal Would Need These Two Things In Order to Issue a Stablecoin appeared first on Unchained Podcast.

At Non-Fungible Castle 2021, an NFT exhibition in Prague, four NFT experts debate some of the hottest topics in the metaverse, like how to value NFTs, whether insider trading exists, what makes Ethereum-based NFTS so special, and the environmental impact of NFTs.

Guests include Maria Paula Fernandez, co-founder at JPG, Kavita Gupta, cofounder of FINTECH.TV, Oliver Halsman Rosenberg, artist, and Gmoney, an NFT collector.

Show highlights:what an NFT iswhy NFTs have valuewhat the “myth of decentralization” has to do with NFT valuationwhy collectors like gmoney prefer to collect NFTs on Ethereum vs. other chainshow provenance and IP rights interact with valuewhy gmoney thinks Solana Punks are l…

Secret Network is a privacy-first, permissionless layer 1 blockchain built for computational privacy. Tor Bair, founder of Secret Foundation, a developer of Secret Network, discusses what makes Secret Network unique,[...]

The post Tor Bair of Secret on Why Private Smart Contracts Are Important appeared first on Unchained Podcast.

Remember the $1 trillion infrastructure bill, which caused considerable backlash from the crypto community due to the language regarding “brokers?” Abe Sutherland, an adjunct professor at University of Virginia School of Law, believes another provision tucked inside the bill could end up being a far more significant issue for anyone transacting in digital assets.

Show highlights:how Abe fell down the crypto rabbit holewhat provision 6050I is and how it could affect anyone transacting with digital assetshow 6050I works and when it would applywhy violating 6050I would be a felonyhow 6050I discourages digital asset transactionshow 6050I would apply to different transaction types, like peer-to-…

Andrew Steinwold, managing partner at Sfermion, and John Egan, CEO at L’Atelier BNP Paribas, discuss NFTs and debate the characteristics of the metaverse.

Show highlights:their backgrounds and how they got into NFTshow they each define the metaversewhat NFTs have to do with the metaversehow John and Andrew’s depiction of the metaverse differswhat John thinks about Facebook’s entrance into the metaversewhether Second Life is a metaverse gamehow blockchain technology allows for an open metaverse (and why Web2 is “communist”)what NFTs currently unlock for the metaversewhether the metaverse will necessarily have to be experienced through augmented realitywhether there will be multiple metaverse…

Cuy Sheffield, Visa’s head of crypto, discusses Visa’s crypto game plan, stablecoin regulation, NFTs, and more. Show highlights: Cuy’s background and his journey down the crypto rabbit hole how Visa[...]

The post Visa Is Building Infrastructure for NFTs, Smart Contracts, and L2s. Why? appeared first on Unchained Podcast.

How does the SEC determine if a token is a security? Why is DeFi particularly hard to regulate? What will regulators do about stablecoins? On Unchained, Greg Xethalis, chief compliance[...]

The post How the Greatest Decentralizing Force for Crypto Projects Is the SEC appeared first on Unchained Podcast.

The post How the Greatest Decentralizing Force for Crypto Projects Is the SEC appeared first on Unchained Podcast.

Fereshteh Forough is the founder and CEO of Code to Inspire, a coding school for girls in Afghanistan.

She discusses her background as a refugee, how she uses crypto to fund the school and pay students, and how the US military’s departure has affected student life.

Topics include:Fereshteh’s journey from refugee to computer science professor to founder and CEO of Code to Inspirewhat Code to Inspire offers to young Afghan women and what risks they take by getting an educationhow Code to Inspire success stories are changing the attitudes of student’s families and communitiesthe importance of Afghan Hero Girl, a video game created by Code to Inspire studentswhy crypto payments are a better alt…

Rhea Myers, artist, hacker, writer, and senior smart contract developer at Dapper Labs, has been making crypto art before NFTs were a thing. Check out this episode to learn about[...]

The post How OG Crypto Artist Rhea Myers Sold a Never-Seen Artwork at Sotheby’s appeared first on Unchained Podcast.

Once the block reward diminishes greatly, can Bitcoin be secured only by transaction fees?

On Unchained, Bitcoin writer Vijay Boyapati and Ethereum Foundation’s Justin Drake debate the merits of Bitcoin’s security model, which Drake says will largely rely on transaction fees as soon as within 20-30 years, not in 100+ years.

Hey all, the Unchained survey is out now, and we’d so appreciate it if you could give us your thoughts on how Unchained is doing and what we could do better.

Plus, we’ve got some questions for you about Laura’s upcoming book launch and the articles that she’s already starting to write!

Decrypt: https://decrypt.co/33124/what-will-happen-to-bitcoin-after-all-21-million-are…

Audius, a blockchain native music streaming platform, hit six million monthly active users in August and announced a partnership with TikTok. Roneil Rumburg, co-founder and CEO of Audius, talks about[...]

The post How Crypto Streaming Service Audius Hit Six Million Monthly Active Users appeared first on Unchained Podcast.

Pplpleasr, the artist behind Fortune magazine’s recent crypto cover and Uniswap’s V3 announcement animation, talks about her crypto journey and how NFTs are changing the game for creators.

Show highlights:how not getting a job at Apple changed her life foreverhow the Pplpleasr-Uniswap collaboration came aboutwhat goes into her creative processhow Pplpleasr got hired for the Fortune magazine coverwhy she chose to represent anon-avatars on the Fortune coverwhy Pplpleasr was surprised by Fortune’s response to her artwork (and crypto in general)what sort of crypto personas are represented on the Fortune cover and whyhow NFTs are changing the paradigm of monetization for creators compared to the…

BitGo CEO Mike Belshe and COO Jeff Horowitz talk about one of the hottest topics facing the crypto industry today: regulation. They discuss… what BitGo does why Jeff left his[...]

The post BitGo on Why the Travel Rule Should Not Apply to Digital Assets appeared first on Unchained Podcast.

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04:01 — Zerion подняли очередной раунд инвестиций04:52 — как и почему Zerion добавили поддержку NFT?

10:07 — почему на Zerion иногда удобнее пользоваться DeFi, чем на самих протоколах?

23:57 — что такое дегенские тактики и что такое «альфа»?

32:32 — чем неожиданно похожи DeFi и традиционная финансовая система?

40:03 — что же такое trustlessness в мире DeFi и как расширяется децентрализация в мире DeFi47:07 — а что такое perpetuals?

...и вообще везде, где вы слушаете что-то еще!

...и вообще везде, где вы слушаете что-то еще!

...и вообще везде, где вы слушаете что-то еще!

Обсудили устройство и децентрализацию 1inch network и тенденции развития DeFi в целом.

00:40:40 — Кому и в какой пропорции раздавались гавернанс-токены?

00:57:20 — Как 1inch работает с майнерами?

Lend at Hodl Hodl это некастодиальная P2P платформа биткоин займов, где вы можете занимать и одалживать у других пользователей на любой срок и сумму под залог Биткоина.

На Lend at Hodl Hodl вы зарабатываете проценты, устанавливаете свои сроки и условия, без необходимости предоставлять какие-либо документы или проходить KYC.

...и вообще везде, где вы слушаете что-то еще!

...и вообще везде, где вы слушаете что-то еще!

...и вообще везде, где вы слушаете что-то еще!

...и вообще везде, где вы слушаете что-то еще!

Show support appreciated: donations.cryptovoices.comShow Sponsor:hodlhodl.com/join/cryptovoicesMatthew, Alec, and Michel break down the latest Monetary Base Update for 2021 Q3, published by Crypto Voices on Twitter …

Show support appreciated: donations.cryptovoices.comShow Sponsor:hodlhodl.com/join/cryptovoicesMatthew, Alec, and Michel interview Alex Gladstein, Chief Strategy Officer of the Human Rights Foundation and Oslo Freed…

Show support appreciated: donations.cryptovoices.comShow Sponsor:hodlhodl.com/join/cryptovoicesMatthew and Alec interview Josh Scigala, founder and CEO of Vaultoro, and co-founder of new stablecoin project "The Stan…

Show support appreciated: donations.cryptovoices.comShow Sponsor:hodlhodl.com/join/cryptovoicesMatthew and Alec interview Marian Tupy, editor of HumanProgress.org.

Marian overviews some facts and findings from Huma…

Show support appreciated: donations.cryptovoices.comShow Sponsor:hodlhodl.com/join/cryptovoicesMatthew and Alec interview Amanda Cavaleri, investor and entrepreneur.

We discuss Bitcoin surrounding the current langua…

Show support appreciated: donations.cryptovoices.comShow Sponsor:hodlhodl.com/join/cryptovoicesMatthew and Fernando interview successful investor and economist Dr. Marc Faber on a post-gold world order, 50 years on.…

Show support appreciated: donations.cryptovoices.comShow Sponsor:hodlhodl.com/join/cryptovoicesMatthew and Fernando interview expert economist and monetary historian Larry White on a post-gold world order, 50 years …

Show support appreciated: donations.cryptovoices.comShow Sponsor:hodlhodl.com/join/cryptovoicesMatthew and Alec interview Uri, a true Bitcoin OG, who mined bitcoins with his buddies in 2009 alongside Satoshi.

Show support appreciated: donations.cryptovoices.comShow Sponsor:hodlhodl.com/join/cryptovoicesMatthew, Alec, and Michel discuss the perennial promise of privacy, how it's being bombarded on all fronts, for all of u…

Show support appreciated: donations.cryptovoices.comShow Sponsor:hodlhodl.com/join/cryptovoicesMatthew and Alec interview Charles Finfrock, Insider Threat Director at a large publicly traded company (his views discu…

Show support appreciated: https://donations.cryptovoices.com Show Sponsor:

https://hodlhodl.com/join/cryptovoices Matthew & Alec break down some recent developments including: - Free tech vs. open tech

- Housing market

- States' rights in the pandemic

- Can you predict inflation?

- Monetary base vs. Price inflation

- Gold wars

- Alec on the Anom story

- Revisiting the ever-present meme of Bitcoin & crime (keeping perspective with what happens in fiat world)

- Is God on your team? Or better, are Philistines not on your team? Listen on to learn more. Links for more info:

https://www.haloprivacy.com/

https://cryptovoices.com/basemoney

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANOM

https://www.wsj.com/arti…

Show support appreciated: donations.cryptovoices.comShow Sponsor:hodlhodl.com/join/cryptovoicesMatthew, Michel, and Alec interview Todd Weaver, founder and CEO of Purism.

If you don't have a Purism laptop or phone, …

Show support appreciated: donations.cryptovoices.comShow Sponsor:hodlhodl.com/join/cryptovoicesMatthew, Michel, and Alec team up with Rodolfo Novak from Coinkite for a great ep on privacy and hardware wallets.

Show support appreciated: donations.cryptovoices.comShow Sponsor:hodlhodl.com/join/cryptovoicesMatthew teams up with two new hosts for covering new topics and a different direction for the show.

Michel from…

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Join Marty as he sits down with Leo Zhang, founder of Anicca Research, to discuss: - Is this mining ban real?

- The dynamics of communication between the Chinese and Western mining industries - How will this migration affect hashrate in the short and medium term?

- Hashrate derivatives - much more Follow Leo on Twitter Check out Anicca Research Shoutout to this week's sponsors.

Create you offers & set your own terms on lend.hodlhodl.com Compass Mining.

Compass wants to democratize bitcoins hashrate and give everyone the ability to strengthen the network while mining bitcoin profitably.

Join Marty as he sits down with Leo Zhang, founder of Anicca Research, to discuss: - Is this mining ban real?

- The dynamics of communication between the Chinese and Western mining industries - How will this migration affect hashrate in the short and medium term?

- Hashrate derivatives - much more Follow Leo on Twitter Check out Anicca Research Shoutout to this week's sponsors.

Create you offers & set your own terms on lend.hodlhodl.com Compass Mining.

Compass wants to democratize bitcoins hashrate and give everyone the ability to strengthen the network while mining bitcoin profitably.

Join Marty as he sits down with Leo Zhang, founder of Anicca Research, to discuss: - Is this mining ban real?

- The dynamics of communication between the Chinese and Western mining industries - How will this migration affect hashrate in the short and medium term?

- Hashrate derivatives - much more Follow Leo on Twitter Check out Anicca Research Shoutout to this week's sponsors.

Create you offers & set your own terms on lend.hodlhodl.com Compass Mining.

Compass wants to democratize bitcoins hashrate and give everyone the ability to strengthen the network while mining bitcoin profitably.

Join Marty as he sits down with Leo Zhang, founder of Anicca Research, to discuss: - Is this mining ban real?

- The dynamics of communication between the Chinese and Western mining industries - How will this migration affect hashrate in the short and medium term?

- Hashrate derivatives - much more Follow Leo on Twitter Check out Anicca Research Shoutout to this week's sponsors.

Create you offers & set your own terms on lend.hodlhodl.com Compass Mining.

Compass wants to democratize bitcoins hashrate and give everyone the ability to strengthen the network while mining bitcoin profitably.

Join Marty as he sits down with Leo Zhang, founder of Anicca Research, to discuss: - Is this mining ban real?

- The dynamics of communication between the Chinese and Western mining industries - How will this migration affect hashrate in the short and medium term?

- Hashrate derivatives - much more Follow Leo on Twitter Check out Anicca Research Shoutout to this week's sponsors.

Create you offers & set your own terms on lend.hodlhodl.com Compass Mining.

Compass wants to democratize bitcoins hashrate and give everyone the ability to strengthen the network while mining bitcoin profitably.

Join Marty as he sits down with Leo Zhang, founder of Anicca Research, to discuss: - Is this mining ban real?

- The dynamics of communication between the Chinese and Western mining industries - How will this migration affect hashrate in the short and medium term?

- Hashrate derivatives - much more Follow Leo on Twitter Check out Anicca Research Shoutout to this week's sponsors.

Create you offers & set your own terms on lend.hodlhodl.com Compass Mining.

Compass wants to democratize bitcoins hashrate and give everyone the ability to strengthen the network while mining bitcoin profitably.

Join Marty as he sits down with Leo Zhang, founder of Anicca Research, to discuss: - Is this mining ban real?

- The dynamics of communication between the Chinese and Western mining industries - How will this migration affect hashrate in the short and medium term?

- Hashrate derivatives - much more Follow Leo on Twitter Check out Anicca Research Shoutout to this week's sponsors.

Create you offers & set your own terms on lend.hodlhodl.com Compass Mining.

Compass wants to democratize bitcoins hashrate and give everyone the ability to strengthen the network while mining bitcoin profitably.

Join Marty as he sits down with Leo Zhang, founder of Anicca Research, to discuss: - Is this mining ban real?

- The dynamics of communication between the Chinese and Western mining industries - How will this migration affect hashrate in the short and medium term?

- Hashrate derivatives - much more Follow Leo on Twitter Check out Anicca Research Shoutout to this week's sponsors.

Create you offers & set your own terms on lend.hodlhodl.com Compass Mining.

Compass wants to democratize bitcoins hashrate and give everyone the ability to strengthen the network while mining bitcoin profitably.

Join Marty as he sits down with Leo Zhang, founder of Anicca Research, to discuss: - Is this mining ban real?

- The dynamics of communication between the Chinese and Western mining industries - How will this migration affect hashrate in the short and medium term?

- Hashrate derivatives - much more Follow Leo on Twitter Check out Anicca Research Shoutout to this week's sponsors.

Create you offers & set your own terms on lend.hodlhodl.com Compass Mining.

Compass wants to democratize bitcoins hashrate and give everyone the ability to strengthen the network while mining bitcoin profitably.

Join Marty as he sits down with Leo Zhang, founder of Anicca Research, to discuss: - Is this mining ban real?

- The dynamics of communication between the Chinese and Western mining industries - How will this migration affect hashrate in the short and medium term?

- Hashrate derivatives - much more Follow Leo on Twitter Check out Anicca Research Shoutout to this week's sponsors.

Create you offers & set your own terms on lend.hodlhodl.com Compass Mining.

Compass wants to democratize bitcoins hashrate and give everyone the ability to strengthen the network while mining bitcoin profitably.

Join Marty as he sits down with Leo Zhang, founder of Anicca Research, to discuss: - Is this mining ban real?

- The dynamics of communication between the Chinese and Western mining industries - How will this migration affect hashrate in the short and medium term?

- Hashrate derivatives - much more Follow Leo on Twitter Check out Anicca Research Shoutout to this week's sponsors.

Create you offers & set your own terms on lend.hodlhodl.com Compass Mining.

Compass wants to democratize bitcoins hashrate and give everyone the ability to strengthen the network while mining bitcoin profitably.

Join Marty as he sits down with Leo Zhang, founder of Anicca Research, to discuss: - Is this mining ban real?

- The dynamics of communication between the Chinese and Western mining industries - How will this migration affect hashrate in the short and medium term?

- Hashrate derivatives - much more Follow Leo on Twitter Check out Anicca Research Shoutout to this week's sponsors.

Create you offers & set your own terms on lend.hodlhodl.com Compass Mining.

Compass wants to democratize bitcoins hashrate and give everyone the ability to strengthen the network while mining bitcoin profitably.

Join Marty as he sits down with Leo Zhang, founder of Anicca Research, to discuss: - Is this mining ban real?

- The dynamics of communication between the Chinese and Western mining industries - How will this migration affect hashrate in the short and medium term?

- Hashrate derivatives - much more Follow Leo on Twitter Check out Anicca Research Shoutout to this week's sponsors.

Create you offers & set your own terms on lend.hodlhodl.com Compass Mining.

Compass wants to democratize bitcoins hashrate and give everyone the ability to strengthen the network while mining bitcoin profitably.

Join Marty as he sits down with Leo Zhang, founder of Anicca Research, to discuss: - Is this mining ban real?

- The dynamics of communication between the Chinese and Western mining industries - How will this migration affect hashrate in the short and medium term?

- Hashrate derivatives - much more Follow Leo on Twitter Check out Anicca Research Shoutout to this week's sponsors.

Create you offers & set your own terms on lend.hodlhodl.com Compass Mining.

Compass wants to democratize bitcoins hashrate and give everyone the ability to strengthen the network while mining bitcoin profitably.

Join Marty as he sits down with Leo Zhang, founder of Anicca Research, to discuss: - Is this mining ban real?

- The dynamics of communication between the Chinese and Western mining industries - How will this migration affect hashrate in the short and medium term?

- Hashrate derivatives - much more Follow Leo on Twitter Check out Anicca Research Shoutout to this week's sponsors.

Create you offers & set your own terms on lend.hodlhodl.com Compass Mining.

Compass wants to democratize bitcoins hashrate and give everyone the ability to strengthen the network while mining bitcoin profitably.

Bitcoin Core version 0.20.2 is now available for download.

See the release notes for more information about the many new features and bug fixes in this release.

If have any questions, please stop by the #bitcoin IRC chatroom (IRC, web) and we’ll do our best to help you.

Bitcoin Core version 0.21.2 is now available for download.

See the release notes for more information about the many new features and bug fixes in this release.

If have any questions, please stop by the #bitcoin IRC chatroom (IRC, web) and we’ll do our best to help you.

Bitcoin Core version 22.0 is now available for download.

See the release notes for more information about the many new features and bug fixes in this release.

If have any questions, please stop by the #bitcoin IRC chatroom (IRC, web) and we’ll do our best to help you.

Bitcoin Core version 0.21.1 is now available for download.

As described in detail in the release notes, miner block templates produced by this version of Bitcoin Core will signal readiness to enforce taproot during the roughly three month period specified by BIP341.

Note: due to a problem with the certificate authority that provides the code signing certificates for the Windows versions of Bitcoin Core, users on Windows will need to click through an extra prompt to install.

If you are planning to upgrade anyway, there’s no reason to delay using 0.21.1 because of this problem.

If have any questions, please stop by the #bitcoin IRC chatroom (IRC, web) and we’ll do our best to help you.

Enabled by Schnorr signatures and Merkelized Alternative Syntax Trees (MAST), Taproot will improve the efficiency and privacy of transactions, enhance scripting capabilities, and support Bitcoin scaling.

The Blockstream R&D team is one of the major contributors to the Bitcoin Core libsecp implementation and the related work on MuSig, both of which have Taproot support now integrated.

Taproot SupportTaproot and its new address format, bech32m, will bring several benefits to wallets, including our industry-leading Bitcoin and Liquid wallet, Blockstream Green.

For a more in-depth explainer on what Taproot brings to layer-2 Bitcoin, read our Taproot article on the Blockstream Engineering Blog.

…

Tranche seven will be available to investors on STOKR, Friday, November 12, 2021 (10:00 AM CET).

Tranche seven will total €2,600,000 (~ $3,000,000).

Given the strong demand demonstrated in the previous tranches, tranche seven will again be capped at one BMN1 per investor.

Tranche seven will be fungible with previous BMN1 tranches and will bring the total issuance of BMNs to almost €33.4 million (~ $39 million).

The Blockstream Mining NoteThe BMN provides qualifying investors exposure to bitcoin mining through a security token issued on the Liquid Network.

We are proud to announce our sponsorship of Minimint, a project in development that brings the technology of blinded federated mints (Chaumian banks) to Bitcoin.

Federated mints are a natural complement to existing scaling solutions like the Lightning Network and the Liquid sidechain.

Federated Mints 101A federated mint comprises independent members who create a multisig wallet and participate in a blind, distributed custodianship.

For a more in-depth review of the technicals behind federated mints and how they work, please see our Engineering Blog entry.

With the integration of Lightning into federated mints, users have access to a trust-minimized and privacy-conscious wallet solution righ…

We are excited to announce the successful completion of tranche six of the Blockstream Mining Notes.

Tranche six was the largest tranche issued to date at €13.9 million ($16.1 million) and drew interest from a wide range of individual and institutional investors.

The completion of tranche six brings the total number of BMN1 issued to more than 122, the total number of investors to just shy of 70, and the total raised to €30.9 million (~ $36 million).

The Blockstream Mining NoteThe BMN provides qualifying investors exposure to Bitcoin mining through a security token issued on the Liquid Network.

The Bitfinex tranche and listing are moving along and we look forward to executing this tranc…

Tranche six will be available to investors on STOKR, Wednesday, October 20, 2021 (10:00 AM CET).

Investors that hold <= 1 BMN can participate in this tranche if their investment in tranche six will bring their total position to >= 1 BMN.

The Blockstream Mining NoteThe BMN provides qualifying investors exposure to Bitcoin mining through a security token issued on the Liquid Network.

The Bitfinex tranche and listing are proceeding on schedule and we look forward to executing this tranche in the coming weeks.

Get Familiar with the Sixth Tranche on STOKRThe BMN is available to non-US, qualifying investors.

We are very excited to share that Specter Desktop and Specter DIY Hardware Wallet users can now transact on the Liquid Network for faster settlement times, lower fees, and more confidential bitcoin.

Specter’s desktop and hardware wallet solutions also support singlesig wallets on Blockstream Jade with multisig planned at a later release, along with more features.

Specter Desktop and Multisig Use CasesSpecter Desktop is popular among everyday Bitcoiners for its simple, easy-to-navigate interface and wallet capabilities.

Optimize Protection with Air-GappingWhen using Blockstream Jade or the Specter DIY hardware wallet on Specter Desktop, users can scan addresses via QR code while never conn…

Fifth Tranche of the Blockstream Mining Note Available from Monday, Oct. 18Tranche five will be available to investors on STOKR, Monday, October 18, 2021 (10.00 AM CET).

Investors that hold <= 1 BMN can participate in this tranche if their investment in tranche five will bring their total position to >= 1 BMN.

The Blockstream Mining NoteThe BMN provides qualifying investors exposure to Bitcoin mining through a security token issued on the Liquid Network.

The Bitfinex tranche and listing are proceeding on schedule and we look forward to executing this tranche in the coming weeks.

Get Familiar with the Fifth Tranche on STOKRThe BMN is available to non-US, qualifying investors.

RaspiBlitz, the most popular DIY Lightning node package, has integrated c-lightning, our lightweight, modular Lightning implementation, with its v1.7.1 update.

Due to c-lightning’s low operational costs, users can run many Lightning nodes on the RaspiBlitz hardware, including concurrently with the LND implementation.

With c-lightning, users also get a more privacy-optimized, customizable software program that provides them with a diverse toolkit to run their node as they so choose.

Dual-funded channels: c-lightning is also the first Lightning implementation to allow opening channels with funds from both parties, reducing the cost of deploying capital into the Lightning Network and helping…

An API to issue and manage digital assets on the Liquid Network.

Today, the Liquid Network is building new bridges between the traditional finance world of regulated securities and the blockchain technology pioneered by Bitcoin.

Purpose-Built for Asset IssuanceThe Liquid Network expands the range of options available to financial institutions and businesses, helping form the infrastructure needed for a robust digital securities platform.

Assets can then be registered with a name, ticker, and icon for display in apps integrated with the Liquid Asset Directory.

If your business already has an issuance platform, you can seamlessly integrate AMP by obtaining an API access token and following th…

Blockstream is proud to announce that the fourth tranche of the Blockstream Mining Note Series 1 (BMN1) will be available to investors on STOKR, Wednesday, October 6th, 2021 (10.00 AM CET).

Given the strong demand demonstrated in tranche three and our commitment to broadening access to Bitcoin mining, tranche four will be capped at one BMN1 per investor.

The Blockstream Mining NoteThe BMN provides qualifying investors exposure to Bitcoin mining through a security token issued on the Liquid Network.

The Bitfinex tranche and listing are proceeding on schedule and we look forward to executing this tranche in the coming weeks.

Get Familiar With The Fourth Tranche on STOKRThe BMN is available to…

An API to issue and manage digital assets on the Liquid Network.

The engineering team at Blockstream has been hard at work preparing for the Liquid Network’s protocol upgrade, Dynamic Federations (DynaFed).

The hard fork allows for DynaFed to be proposed in blocks and lays the groundwork for its deployment in the near future.

Leverage the Liquid NetworkWhile the Liquid Network is formally operated by functionaries and members, anyone can participate in the network with a full Liquid node.

For Bitcoiners interested in the Liquid Network and wanting to learn more about its benefits, we recommend joining the Liquid Telegram or visiting the official website.

Third Tranche Of The Blockstream Mining Note Available FridayBlockstream is proud to announce that the third tranche of the Blockstream Mining Note (BMN) will be available to investors on STOKR, Friday, September 17th, 2021 (CET).

Tranche three will total €4.7M (~ $5.5M USD) and each BMN will be offered at €240,000 (~ $280,000 USD).

The Blockstream Mining NoteThe BMN provides qualifying investors exposure to Bitcoin mining through a security token issued on the Liquid Network.

Investors will also be able to trade at a lower denomination on the Bitfinex Securities platform, ensuring a more efficient price discovery process.

Get Familiar With The Third Tranche on STOKRThe BMN is available…

Using Bitcoin’s scripting abilities, funds stored in Blockstream Green wallets can be secured by the 2-of-2 signature requirement and also automatically revert to only needing a signature from the user to spend after a predetermined amount of time.

Our Multisig Shield is only available in Blockstream Green, and wallets created using it cannot be imported into other wallet apps.

A much requested feature for Blockstream Green has been the ability to create singlesig wallets, and today we’re excited to announce support for this feature.

Singlesig wallets created with Blockstream Green are highly portable and bring much stronger guarantees for recoverability.

More Features Coming SoonAfter …

We are very excited to announce a partnership with financial services giant Macquarie to develop and manage best-in-class, zero-emission Bitcoin mining facilities.

This partnership opens a wide range of exciting Bitcoin and mining related opportunities for both Macquarie and Blockstream.

Green MiningOur new partnership with Macquarie builds on previously announced collaborations with Aker and Square to build out alternative and renewable-powered Bitcoin mining projects.

Partner With UsIf you or your company are interested in learning more about mining colocation services with Blockstream Mining, you can reach out to our team through the form available on our Blockstream Mining page.

For all…

The Blockstream Mining Note Is Coming Soon to Bitfinex Securities LtdWe’re very excited to see the launch of Bitfinex Securities Ltd, a new security token (STO) exchange.

The Blockstream Mining Note (BMN) will also be one of the first assets listed on this new platform.

The Blockstream Mining NoteThe BMN provides qualifying investors exposure to Bitcoin mining through a security token issued on the Liquid Network.

Greater Liquidity for the Bitcoin Mining IndustryOne of the key value propositions of the BMN is bringing liquidity to the historically illiquid Bitcoin mining industry.

Visit Bitfinex Securities LtdKeep an eye on Bitfinex Securities Ltd for updates on when the BMN will be avail…

● Taproot activated: as expected, the taproot soft fork activated at block height 709,632.

As of this writing, several large mining pools are not mining blocks containing taproot spends.

This may indicate that they were falsely signaling readiness to enforce taproot’s rules, a risk we previously warned about.

Alternatively, they may be risklessly using a taproot-enforcing node to choose which block chain to use while also using an older node or custom software to choose which transactions to include in their blocks.

The safest course of action for users and businesses is to run their own taproot-enforcing node (such as Bitcoin Core 22.0) and only accept transactions confirmed by it.

Bitcoin Core PR Review ClubIn this monthly section, we summarize a recent Bitcoin Core PR Review Club meeting, highlighting some of the important questions and answers.

GitHub pull requestsThe main implementation of taproot in Bitcoin Core was submitted for review starting in January 2020 in two pull requests.

This doesn’t count several other related PRs to Bitcoin Core as well as the work of implementing taproot in other software, including schnorr support in libsecp256k1 (used by Bitcoin Core) or alternative node software.

Taproot activation discussionAs the taproot implementation was merged into Bitcoin Core, it fell on the community to decide how it would be activated.

Notable code and …

Weak blocks occur more often than PoW-valid blocks and so provide more recent information about what transactions miners are currently working on.

One block later, nodes running Bitcoin Core 0.21.1, 22.0, or related releases will be enforcing the additional taproot rules not enforced by earlier software releases.

If a miner did that, they would lose at least 6.25 BTC (about $400,000 USD at the time of writing) if the economic consensus of Bitcoin node operators rejects the taproot-invalid blocks.

It should be possible to monitor for it using services such as ForkMonitor.info or using the getchaintips RPC in Bitcoin Core.

Notable code and documentation changesNotable changes this week in Bit…

This will save about 16 vbytes per keypath spend after the first input, providing significant savings for consolidation and coinjoins.

● SIGHASH_ANYPREVOUT: every normal Bitcoin transaction includes one or more inputs, and each of those inputs references the output of a previous transaction, using its txid.

The signature, the script, and whatever data was needed to satisfy the script would be provided in the spending transaction.

It can support signer delegation from anyone able to satisfy any of the entroot branches, not just those able to create a top-level keypath spend.

Notable code and documentation changesNotable changes this week in Bitcoin Core, C-Lightning, Eclair, LND, Rust-Lightn…

● Paying offline LN nodes: Matt Corallo started a thread on the Lightning-Dev mailing list for brainstorming how frequently-offline LN nodes (such as those on mobile devices) can receive payments without requiring a custodial solution or locking up channel liquidity for prolonged periods of time.

Currently, LN nodes can send guaranteed-to-fail payments in order to probe a payment path.

Since Zed doesn’t know the payment preimage, he’s forced to reject the payment even though it indicates he’s supposed to be the ultimate receiver.

A secondary disadvantage is that this type of payment path probing can sometimes result in unnecessary unilateral channel closures and their resulting onchain fees…

News● LN spend to fees CVE: last week, Antoine Riard posted the announcement of CVEs for multiple programs to the Lightning-Dev mailing list.

➚In BIP125 Rule #2, why is it important for the replacement transaction to not introduce any new unconfirmed inputs?

This logic catches the case where the replacement transaction is spending a transaction that it is replacing.

Since it’s impossible for both the original transaction and the replacement transaction to be confirmed, this replacement transaction can never appear in the block chain, and so is consensus invalid.

Notable code and documentation changesNotable changes this week in Bitcoin Core, C-Lightning, Eclair, LND, Rust-Lightning, libsecp…

● Proposal for transaction heritage identifiers: a post by pseudonymous developer John Law was submitted to the Bitcoin-Dev and Lightning-Dev mailing lists.

For example, 0123...cdef:0:1 indicates the current transaction input is spending the second child of the first output of txid 0123...cdef .

Floating transactions allow participants to create signatures for a particular output without knowing its txid as long as they otherwise satisfy the conditions in that output’s script.

Discussion of the ideas was complicated due to not all participants being willing to use the mailing lists.

If discussion on the lists resumes, we’ll summarize any notable updates in a future newsletter.

Also included are our regular sections with popular questions and answers from the Bitcoin Stack Exchange, ideas for preparing for taproot’s activation, and descriptions of notable changes to popular Bitcoin infrastructure software.

But it still feels like Bitcoin wallet software has regressed since the days when everyone used legacy addresses and could easily trade signed messages.

Generic signmessage support would be a useful addition to Bitcoin.

● Bitcoin Core 0.21.2 is a release for a maintenance version of Bitcoin Core.

Notable code and documentation changesNotable changes this week in Bitcoin Core, C-Lightning, Eclair, LND, Rust-Lightning, libsecp256k1, Hardware Wallet Interface (HWI)…

You should be able to adapt these instructions for testing receives and spends between your own wallet and Bitcoin Core.

Once built, start signet:$ bitcoind -signet -daemonIf this is your first time using signet, you’ll need to sync its block chain.

That’s smaller in vbytes than the witness which would’ve been required if this was a P2WPKH spend or any other type of older Bitcoin spend.

● Bitcoin Core 0.21.2rc2 is a release candidate for a maintenance version of Bitcoin Core.

Notable code and documentation changesNotable changes this week in Bitcoin Core, C-Lightning, Eclair, LND, Rust-Lightning, libsecp256k1, Hardware Wallet Interface (HWI), Rust Bitcoin, BTCPay Server, Bitcoin Improvement…

This week’s newsletter describes a new proposal for a covenant opcode and summarizes a request for feedback on implementing regular reorgs on signet.

The cold wallet key becomes the taproot internal key, allowing it to spend the funds any time.

TLUV allows that script to specify how that part of the merkle tree should be modified.

TLUV allows any single member to exit at any time without requiring anything be presigned or affecting any other users, beyond revealing that one member has left the joinpool.

This allows TLUV to constrain where the bitcoins can be spent (the definition of a covenant ), similar to other proposed opcodes such as OP_CHECKSIGFROMSTACK (CSFS) and OP_CHECKTEMPLATEVERIF…

The review club compared legacy block download with BIP152-style compact block download and discussed why blocksonly nodes don’t benefit from the latter.

Peers indicate that they want to use compact block relay by sending sendcmpct at the start of the connection.

The node can use the compact block shortids to look for the block transactions in its mempool and cache of extra transactions.

Compact block relay reduces bandwidth usage for nodes that have a mempool because they don’t need to re-download the majority of block transactions.

Notable code and documentation changesNotable changes this week in Bitcoin Core, C-Lightning, Eclair, LND, Rust-Lightning, libsecp256k1, Hardware Wallet Interf…

P2TR Channels.

Unfortunately, every LN channel requires cooperation between two signers, and in the current pre-taproot Bitcoin, every 2-of-2 script is openly coded.

The existing channel uses the existing P2WSH 2-of-2 scheme and has to be closed in order to switch to a P2TR channel.

For P2TR channels, we should note that while this is “only” between two direct peers, it also has lower benefits.

Notable code and documentation changesNotable changes this week in Bitcoin Core, C-Lightning, Eclair, LND, Rust-Lightning, libsecp256k1, Hardware Wallet Interface (HWI), Rust Bitcoin, BTCPay Server, Bitcoin Improvement Proposals (BIPs), and Lightning BOLTs.

For x equivalent paths, the base fee would be x times as high.

It may be possible to solve this problem algorithmically in the long term, but the easiest solution for implementers of the algorithm would be to eliminate the base fee.

The base fee allows a node to require that it be compensated for those costs.

Using the resultant point (which Bob doesn’t know is now just the point Alice originally received from Carol), Bob constructs the adaptor he gives to Carol.

Notable code and documentation changesNotable changes this week in Bitcoin Core, C-Lightning, Eclair, LND, Rust-Lightning, libsecp256k1, Hardware Wallet Interface (HWI), Rust Bitcoin, BTCPay Server, Bitcoin Improvement Proposals (B…

Recall one more time that the signature adaptor the donor published was their actual signature minus the scalar.

When the hidden number is discovered and somebody sends the 1,000 BTC transaction, they must publish the original (valid) signature commitment.

Bob can take that (valid) signature commitment and subtract from it the (invalid) signature commitment in the original signature adaptor to get the scalar.

● Bitcoin Core 0.21.2rc1 is a release candidate for a maintenace version of Bitcoin Core.

Notable code and documentation changesNotable changes this week in Bitcoin Core, C-Lightning, Eclair, LND, Rust-Lightning, libsecp256k1, Hardware Wallet Interface (HWI), Rust Bitcoin, BTCPay Serve…

Rinearson also took to Twitter to reveal plans for what the crypto team will focus on in the near future.

Farther down the road, Rinearson hinted that her team will look to crypto tech to augment identity, community and ownership on Twitter.

The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission has rejected a proposed effort to list a spot bitcoin exchange-traded fund.

The agency, which regulates securities markets in the U.S., had previously punted its final determination on VanEck's proposed fund.

Pools can now be created on Uniswap v3 using the new 0.01% fee tier - perfect for stablecoin pools.

With support added for numerous DeFi protocols, you can now also track your LP position across major DEXes using DeFi Saver, including Uniswap v2 and v3, SushiSwap, Curve, and Balancer.

In addition, Mu said the number of corporate e-CNY wallets has nearly tripled to 10 million from 3.5 million four months ago.

These NFTs will be made using Secret Network and put live on the Ethereum blockchain.

Arrow Glacier is the 3rd network upgrade planned for the proof of work chain of the Ethereum Network in 2021.

Warp now supports composability (contract to contract calls).

News of the WeekFacebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg announced Thursday at his company’s Connect event that its new name will be Meta.

And together, we can unlock a massively bigger creator economy.”“To reflect who we are and what we hope to build,” he added.

The body has also conducted reviews of the implementation process in jurisdictions and absorbed industry feedback on its proposed standards.

Highlights include an improved testing framework, improved compilation time and syntax for short strings.

Updates include multi hop swaps, a complete new UI, an improved deposit & withdrawal process and more.

Claims are automatically validated within the Solace network and payout in a single transaction.

🥩 Altair WeekThe first network upgrade for the eth2 Beacon Chain, Altair, is scheduled to go live this week on October 27th at 10:56:23am UTC - more details in this post.

The Series A round was led by Polychain Capital and includes previous investors Andreessen Horowitz, Placeholder, A_Capital, and Scalar Capital.

The round was led by Multicoin Capital, Mechanism Capital & Defiance Capital with participation from others.

The pre-seed round was led by Acrylic, accompanied by Genblock Capital, and Caballeros Capital with participation from various angels.

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Binance has said it's now requiring all users to complete Intermediate Verification amid mounting compliance pressure from worldwide regulators.

The world's largest exchange said in an announcement on Friday that effective immediately, all new users now must complete Intermediate Verification to access Binance's services, including cryptocurrency deposits, trades and withdrawals.

Per Binance's Identity Verification process, an Intermediate Verification includes the submissions of government-issued ID as well as facial verification.

Warp will allow developers to take their battle-tested, audited Ethereum smart contracts, transpile them to Cairo, and deploy them on StarkNet seamlessly.

Tally …

Just a note: I filled in for Ryan on last week’s Bankless Weekly Rollup which you can watch here.

- AnthonyNews of the WeekThe U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has fined crypto exchange Poloniex $10 million for operating an "unregistered online digital asset exchange."

The SEC claims the exchange sold digital assets that were securities — although the exchange was not registered to do so.

Polygon has acquired the Hermez Network for $250 million and has committed $1 billion towards building zk crypto technology.

The LyraDAO has raised $1 million from the SynthetixDAO which is one of the first instances of “DAO to DAO” business development.

BROUGHT TO YOU BYIssue #122Paper of the Week:Paper Title: Decentralized Exchanges.

Paper Title: Aurora: a probabilistic algorithm for distributed ledgers enabling trustless synchronization and transaction inclusion verification.

Paper Title: Non-fungible token (NFT) markets on the Ethereum blockchain: Temporal development, cointegration and interrelations.

Authors: Lennart Ante*,Affiliations: * Blockchain Research Lab.

Research Talks:Upcoming Events:Jobs:Thanks to our sponsorThe Protocol Labs Research team is pretty enthusiastic about making knowledge free and accessible.

Paper Title: Zero-Knowledge Middleboxes.

Paper Title: Sharding-Based Proof-of-Stake Blockchain Protocols: Security Analysis.

Paper Title: Property rights in the Crypto age: NFTs and the auctioning of limited edition artwork.

Research Talks:Upcoming Events:Jobs:Thanks to our sponsorThe Protocol Labs Research team is pretty enthusiastic about making knowledge free and accessible.

If you want to see some presentations on recent research, they have a public Research Seminar Series.

Paper Title: Estimating the Node Degree of Public Peers and Detecting Sybil Peers Based on Address Messages in the Bitcoin P2P Network.

Summary: The behavior of the spamming peers can be used to determine the number of neighbors of public peers and to find Sybil peers (peers that have multiple addresses).

Paper Title: Smart Contracts, Real-Virtual World Convergence and Economic Implications.

Research Talks:Upcoming Events:Jobs:Thanks to our sponsorThe Protocol Labs Research team is pretty enthusiastic about making knowledge free and accessible.

If you want to see some presentations on recent research, they have a public Research Seminar Series.

BROUGHT TO YOU BYIssue #119Paper of the Week:Paper Title: Kadcast-NG: A Structured Broadcast Protocol for Blockchain Networks.

In such networks, broadcast is known to be an inefficient operation in terms of message complexity and overhead.

In contrast, the Kadcast protocol is a structured peer-to-peer protocol for block and transaction propagation in blockchain networks.

Lastly, it introduces a QUIC-based prototype implementation of the Kadcast protocol and shows its merits through deployment in a large-scale cloud-based testbed.

Paper Title: MiCA and DeFi ('Proposal for a Regulation on Market in Crypto-Assets' and 'Decentralised Finance').

Paper Title: Improving Blockchain Consistency by Assigning Weights to Random Blocks.

Authors: Nicholas Franzese*, Jonathan Katz†, Steve Lu‡, Rafail Ostrovsky§, Xiao Wang*, and Chenkai Weng*,Affiliations: * Northwestern University, † University of Maryland, ‡ Stealth Software Technologies, Inc., and § UCLA.

Paper Title: Shorter and Faster Post-Quantum Designated-Verifier zkSNARKs from Lattices.

Research Talks:Upcoming Events:Jobs:Thanks to our sponsorThe Protocol Labs Research team is pretty enthusiastic about making knowledge free and accessible.

If you want to see some presentations on recent research, they have a public Research Seminar Series.

TLDR: Blockchain analysis is essential for understanding how cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin are used in practice, and address clustering is a cornerstone of blockchain analysis.

First, it builds a ground truth set of transactions with known change from the Bitcoin blockchain that can be used to validate the efficacy of individual change address detection heuristics.

After applying the proposed prediction model to the Bitcoin blockchain, it analyzes the resulting clustering and develops ways to detect and prevent cluster collapse.

Authors: Sanket Kanjalkar*, Ye Zhang†, Shreyas Gandlur‡, and Andrew Miller§,Affiliations: * Blockstream Research, † New York University, ‡ Princeton University, and…

BROUGHT TO YOU BYIssue #116Paper of the Week:Paper Title: Stochastic Modelling of BlockchainConsensus.

Paper Title: A First Look into the Structural Properties and Resilience of Blockchain Overlays.

Paper Title: Stochastic Performance Modeling for Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance Consensus in Blockchain.

Paper Title: High-Frequency Connectedness between Bitcoin and Other Top-Traded Crypto Assets during the COVID-19 Crisis.

Research Talks:Upcoming Events:Jobs:Thanks to our sponsorThe Protocol Labs Research team is pretty enthusiastic about making knowledge free and accessible.

BROUGHT TO YOU BYIssue #115Paper of the Week:Paper Title: Blockchain Layer Zero: Characterizing the Bitcoin Network through Measurements, Models, and Simulations.

TLDR: In recent years, research has shown the networking layer’s significant influence on the scalability, security, and privacy of blockchain systems.

Summary: A model for the block verification time of Zcash based on transaction features and a benchmark of the Zcash client’s block verification process and its employed cryptographic primitives to support and evaluate the model.

Paper Title: JACK THE RIPPLER: Arbitrage on the Decentralized Exchange of the XRP Ledger.

Research Talks:Upcoming Events:Jobs:Thanks to our sponsorThe Pro…

BROUGHT TO YOU BYIssue #114Paper of the Week:Paper Title: Blockchain Oracle Design Patterns.

Hence, blockchain oracles are introduced to mitigate the issue and are defined as trusted third-party services that send and verify the external information (i.e., feedback) and submit it to smart contracts for triggering state changes in the blockchain.

This paper studies and analyzes blockchain oracles with regard to how they provide feedback to the blockchain and smart contracts.

Paper Title: STO vs. ICO: A Theory of Token Issues under Moral Hazard and Demand Uncertainty.

Research Talks:Upcoming Events:Jobs:Thanks to our sponsorThe Protocol Labs Research team is pretty enthusiastic about making k…

BROUGHT TO YOU BYIssue #113Paper of the Week:Paper Title: DeFi Protocol Risks: the Paradox of DeFi.

Paper Title: On the deployment of FlyClient as a velvet fork: chain-sewing attacks and countermeasures.

Paper Title: Don’t Count on One to Carry the Ball Scaling BFT without Sacrifing Efficiency.

Paper Title: Security Tokens.

Research Talks:Upcoming Events:Jobs:Thanks to our sponsorThe Protocol Labs Research team is pretty enthusiastic about making knowledge free and accessible.

Paper Title: Modeling Coordinated vs. P2P Mining: An Analysis of Inefficiency and Inequality in Proof-of-Work Blockchains.

Paper Title: PoDT: A Secure Multi-chains Consensus Scheme Against Diverse Miners Behaviors Attacks in Blockchain Networks.

Paper Title: The non-fungible token (NFT) market and its relationship with Bitcoin and Ethereum.

Paper Title: Blockchain, Privacy, and Artwork Registries: Consensus between Constraints.

Research Talks:Upcoming Events:Jobs:Thanks to our sponsorThe Protocol Labs Research team is pretty enthusiastic about making knowledge free and accessible.

BROUGHT TO YOU BYIssue #111Paper of the Week:Paper Title: GoAT: File Geolocation via Anchor Timestamping.

This work defines what it means for a PoGeoRet scheme to be complete and sound, in the process making important extensions to prior formalism.

Paper Title: Topological Anomaly Detection in Dynamic Multilayer Blockchain Networks.

Authors: Dorcas Ofori-Boateng*, Ignacio Segovia Dominguez†, Murat Kantarcioglu†, Cuneyt G. Akcora‡, and Yulia R. Gel†,Affiliations: * Portland State University, † University of Texas at Dallas, and ‡ University of Manitoba.

Paper Title: SoK: Privacy-Preserving Computing in the Blockchain Era.

BROUGHT TO YOU BYIssue #110Paper of the Week:Paper Title: A Permissionless Proof-of-Stake Blockchain with Best-Possible Unpredictability (or, How to Mimic Bitcoin via Proof-of-Stake).

Among other features, the design achieves the “best possible” unpredictability for permissionless proof-of-stake protocols.

Authors: Lei Fan*, Jonathan Katz†, Phuc Thai‡, and Hong-Sheng Zhou‡,Affiliations: * Shanghai Jiaotong University, † University of Maryland, and ‡ Virginia Commonwealth University.

Summary: A robust, secure, and scalable consensus protocol for a permissionless blockchain suitable for deployment in an adversarial environment such as the Internet.

Paper Title: Should Central Banks Use Distri…

BROUGHT TO YOU BYIssue #109Paper of the Week:Paper Title: Internet Computer Consensus.

The ICC protocols are leader-based protocols that assume partial synchrony, and that are fully integrated with a blockchain.

Paper Title: Mining in Logarithmic Space.

Authors: Felix Engelmann*, Lukas Müller†, Andreas Peter‡, Frank Kargl†, and Christoph Bösch†,Affiliations: * Aarhus University, † Ulm University, and ‡ University of Twente.

Paper Title: The Availability-Accountability Dilemma and its Resolution via Accountability Gadgets.

BROUGHT TO YOU BYIssue #108Paper of the Week:Paper Title: Securing Parallel-chain Protocols under Variable Mining Power.

TLDR: Several emerging proof-of-work (PoW) blockchain protocols rely on a “parallel-chain” architecture for scaling, where instead of a single chain, multiple chains are run in parallel and aggregated.

This paper considers the design of provably secure parallel-chain protocols which can adapt to such mining power variations.

Paper Title: Making Synchronous BFT Protocols Secure in the Presence of Mobile Sluggish Faults.

Paper Title: An economic theory of blockchain foundations.

There are two distinct groups where sweeps happen: newly minted NFT collections and collections that undergo a price dip.

Dune Analytics - @anya004However, these particular floor sweeping transactions are in collections with high distributions, and therefore floor sweeping is not significant enough to affect it.

However, upside for sweep buyers is more limited compared to non-sweep buyers.

The profit for non-sweep buyers in the 75th percentile is more than double that of sweep buyers.

Sweep buyers have resold at a substantially lower rate, 4.5% to 26.5%.

The number of daily transactions that add to the DPI-WETH pool liquidity (minting) hovers around 200.

We can also see that the amount of DPI added per transaction is only ~0.8 per transaction.

This is in sharp contrast with the burn transactions where the average size of the DPI burn is ~ 7.

Dune Analytics — @ilemi② dYdX📈 dYdX daily volumes ~$3B -- largest DEX by VolumedYdX remains the top decentralized exchange by trading volume across the ecosystem.

Etherscan③ BarnBridge📈 SMART Alpha TVL Grows 10x in 10 weeksSMART Alpha has grown to $5M+ in TVL after 10 weeks.

The largest SMART Alpha pool at the moment is WETH-USD on Ethereum.

BarnBridge App④ DeFi Kingdoms📈 DeFi Kingdom's TVL Reaches $290 MillionSince its relatively quiet debut back in August, DeFi Kingdoms has seen an unprecedented rate of growth in the past month.

DeFi LlamaJEWEL, which is DeFi Kingdom's governance token and in-game currency, rose over 230% since the start of November.

The $PSP launch drew some ire from the increasingly hard to please crypto community.

The token was airdropped to 20,000 of their most active users across the multiple EVM chains they serve, excluding ~98% that had used Paraswap at one time or another.

The Paraswap team put a lot of effort into filtering out "sybil attacks" and/or traders who used the DEX aggregator primarily for a future airdrop.

As of Thursday afternoon EST, 89 million of the 150 million $PSP had been claimed.

The #1 Crypto Analytics NewsletterQuick LinksAbout the editor: Spencer Noon is co-founder of Variant Fund.

Joining MetricsDAOToday I am excited to announce that OurNetwork has joined MetricsDAO as a Genesis+ Member, with proof of this found directly on the Ethereum blockchain.

Hopefully we can 100x the number of crypto analysts and feature the best of the best on future OurNetwork issues!

— Spencer NoonNetwork Coverage: Web3This week our contributor analysts cover Web3: ENS, Hop Protocol, and Mirror.

① ENS👥 Joel John📈 Close to 60% of ENS Airdrop claimed👉 Community Discord 📌 Job Board 🔎 Dashboard57.6% of ENS tokens that were to be claimed through the airdrop have been claimed by a cumulative…

Loot burst into the spotlight in late August representing a paradigm shift in the NFT space; it introduced a bottom-up approach to value creation where the community was left to build the future of the project.

With no company, art, team, or attributes, Loot makes it impossible to gate-keep any creative decisions.

In the first month, 123 projects remixed or built on Loot.

Today there are 2,538 unique owners.

Over 5,000 unique wallets have held Loot at some point in time.

Users deposit money to have a chance to win prizes and can withdraw their money at any time.

The new V4 protocol launched two weeks ago.

This new version uncaps the prizes that can be distributed.

In the first two weeks, over 2,000 unique prizes were awarded and claimed.

More unique prizes than have been awarded by the protocol in all previous years combined.

Index Coop makes crypto investing safe and easy for everyone through crypto indices.

Net Dollar Flows (N$F) measures true growth by disentangling index performance from capital attracted.

It measures new capital spent on index products minus capital that is "cashing out."

Daily N$F is the product of average price and unit supply change.

September was the second best month for N$F in the Coop, attracting $61M in capital to our 6 products with $38.5M attributable to DPI alone.

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However, we expect fixed-rate loans to become larger than variable rate loans as DeFi rails eventually power traditional financial markets.

For example, the variable borrow rate for USDC is 5.4% and the stable borrow rate is 11.9%.

The variable borrow rate for ETH is 0.25% and the stable borrow rate is 3.3%.

Unlike the borrow rate for a variable user, the borrow rate for stable borrowers in most market conditions will not fluctuate with new borrows, new deposits, new liquidations, etc.

She can, via interest rate perpetual contracts, go long the Aave interest rate for XYZ token such that she is protected in the event that her borrow rate increases and eats into the profitability of her tradi…

Prior to joining Multicoin, Greg was a partner in the Investment Management and FinTech practices at Chapman and Cutler LLP.

Greg represents Multicoin Capital as a board member at the Association For Digital Asset Markets (ADAM).

Multicoin Capital is proud to have joined their efforts and to contribute to the maturation of and advocacy for the ecosystem.

We are always on the lookout for exceptional talent across all fronts: investment team, finance, marketing, investor relations, and more.

If you or anyone you know is interested in joining one of the largest and most established investment firms in crypto, please get in touch!

This essay is a spiritual successor to On Value Capture at Layers 1 and 2.

In those essays, we explored potential value capture mechanisms for both Layer 1 (e.g.

As such, we’ve developed new frameworks in this post regarding a DeFi token’s ability to capture value.

Application Layer TokensIn On Value Capture at Layers 1 and 2, we argued that the only way a DeFi token can capture value is if it manages unforkable state.

SummaryThe best way to justify value capture for DeFi tokens is to have some sort of risk in the system that needs to be managed.

Today, I am excited to announce that Multicoin Capital has led a $17.4M round in Eden Network, alongside participation from Jump Capital, Alameda Research, Wintermute, GSR, Defiance Capital, and Andre Cronje, the founder of Yearn.Finance.

MEV can be defined as the sum of guaranteed on-chain profits that block producers can claim.

Eden Network protects users from malicious MEV and financializes beneficial MEV in a token.

However, this reduction in earnings for Ethereum block producers has reduced the security budget for Ethereum.

Many Ethereum block producers are looking to MEV to supplement their earnings post EIP 1559.

UXD is a new stablecoin that is 1) capital efficient, 2) decentralized, and 3) stable.

Solving For Funding RatesThe first challenge is the funding rate (note that UXD Protocol doesn’t need to manage an oracle at all; the underlying derivatives DEX manages this).

Because when the funding rates turn negative (i.e., the market is in backwardation), stablecoin holders would need to pay funding.

We could not be more excited to invest in UXD Protocol and work with them to create the world’s first stablecoin that is decentralized, capital efficient, and stable!

At the time of publication, Multicoin Capital holds positions UXD, MNGO, SOL and SBR.

Remixable, Composable AnalyticsThe traditional financial market data provider industry is a well-established sector: it generated $33B of revenue in 2019.

Many of the major crypto data providers share the same commonality: they are closed platforms.

The Future of Financial Reporting & Market-Driven InsightsWe believe that one of the most powerful applications of crypto is DeFi.

We believe the future of finance will be driven by transparent, real-time insights, and Dune is leading that movement.

If you’re interested in building this future, the Dune team is aggressively hiring.

And in most database applications, the ratio of reads to writes is between 100:1 and 10,000:1.

Scaling reads will be the next big scaling challenge for the blockchain industry.

Most database applications have a specific data structure, where the structure of the database is tailored to how the system is expected to query data out of the system.

The problem with scaling reads in a blockchain is that a blockchain—by definition—does not prescribe the transaction format.

This means that the largest query ecosystem with the largest value staked by indexers will be the most secure query system.

Multicoin Capital led Superfluid’s $9M series seed alongside Semantic Ventures, who led the pre-seed round, DeFiance Capital, Delphi Digital, MetaCartel Ventures, Fabric Ventures, The LAO, DeFi Alliance, Divergence Ventures, and MMC Ventures.

If someone has your credit card information (analogous to a public key), they can effectively charge at will.

Recently, Apple layered public key cryptography onto the legacy system via Apple Pay using the secure enclave in every iPhone.

However, public key cryptography on a blockchain creates a few new problems: key management and gas consumption.

Superfluid streams can build on other Superfluid streams—so that Bob can stream funds to Carol as he recei…

Predictability Is Power“I very frequently get the question: 'What's going to change in the next 10 years?'

However, there is not a single person or organization in the world that can answer this question today.

The Social Scalability Costs of FragmentationBeyond the lack of certainty outlined above, fragmenting applications across shards and roll ups creates explicit new social coordination costs that are not present in single-shard systems.

This will increase the amount of social coordination required in each protocol’s community, and slow down the rate of development.

Multicoin Capital abides by a “No Trade Policy” for the assets listed in this report for 3 days (“No Trade Period”) follow…

Building on the success of our first venture fund, we’re proud to announce that Multicoin Capital has raised a new $100M venture fund to back entrepreneurs building companies (equity), and protocols (tokens) in and around the crypto space.

Our single largest investment in our first venture fund was Helium, which represented almost 12% of the fund.

We helped seed or fund many of these projects early—The Graph, Solana, Torus, StarkWare, and others—out of our first venture fund.

We expect to deploy a significant amount into these areas out of Venture Fund II over the next few years.

We made several investments in some of the most strategic layers of the stack out of our first venture fund.

Today, I’m excited to announce our investment in REALY, a platform that trades the legitimacy of streetwear and other real world collectibles.

While each of these applications is hyper-tailored for their respective communities, they are all powered by the REALY platform.

The REALY network captures 10% of all sales from across the REALY ecosystem.

This makes it possible for fans and collectible investors to get exposure to the growth of the entire REALY ecosystem.

The REALY teamGeorge Yang, the CEO of REALY, is a serial entrepreneur in the fashion and collectible industry.

Multicoin Capital co-led the Series C round in Helium Inc in 2019 along with USV.

The growth of the Helium Network is driven by a positive feedback loop or flywheel.

This higher price will mean better ROI for Helium hotspot owners, which will further drive network growth.

Over the next year, the Helium network will roll out across the rest of the world.

Powered by the economic flywheel, the Helium network will grow to dominate global telecommunications.

Multicoin Capital has accumulated a large position in RUNE, the native token of THORChain, a decentralized cross-chain automated market maker (AMM).

There is a tremendous opportunity to build products that enable trust-minimized, cross-chain trading.

In a world where many chains and tokens exist, traders naturally want to be able to trade assets across chains in a trust-minimized way.

The first of such cross-chain trading examples was the Tier Nolan atomic swap.

The diversity of chains creates the need for a trust-minimized, decentralized way to trade spot tokens across chains.

I have previously categorized ‘crypto’ – a catch-all for blockchain- and Web3-related innovation – as part of the Digital Revolution that started around the late 1960s to early 1970s with the invention of packet-switched networks, microprocessors, and other digital technologies that enabled the proliferation of personal computers and the Internet.

Throughout the text, I will be using ‘ICT’ as a shorthand for digital information and communications technology, and ‘ICT Revolution’ as a shorthand for the Digital Revolution.

From here on, quotation marks around the word ‘crypto’ will be omitted, while still referring not just to cryptography, but to all blockchain- and Web3-related innovation.

…

While scaling Ethereum has been a conversation since the protocol was born, the popularity of DeFi and NFTs has made it an urgent concern.

zkSync best preserves the properties that have made Ethereum successful thus far: decentralization, security, composability, capital efficiency, and instant withdrawals.

As a result, we believe zkSync paves the smoothest path to scaling DeFi, NFTs, and all other innovations happening on Ethereum.

In 2020, nearly all the applications Vitalik dreamed up in the Ethereum whitepaper were live on Ethereum, as were dozens more that couldn’t have been imagined when Ethereum was born.

As Vitalik pointed out in his post, a rollup-centric Ethereum roadmap, the Ethe…

It works by separating the principal from the interest of a given stake into two separate, tradable tokens: Principal Tokens and Interest Tokens.

The market might be interested in buying your 10,000 USDC principal tokens for 9,400 USDC, thus securing a fixed yield of 6%.

Principal tokens trading at a market discount function like zero-coupon bonds and unlock a whole new asset class in DeFi.

You can sell your principal tokens and hold onto your interest tokens, or you can sell your interest tokens and hold onto your principal tokens, accessing some of tomorrow’s yield today.

Higher or lower fixed yields on principal tokens provide certain kinds of information, as do higher or lower prices on…

[4]Thought leadership and recommendations from reputable individuals or organizations are a key source of normative guidance on DAO governance.

In addition to technical specialization in network operation, software development, and cybersecurity, other areas of DAO governance are also increasingly professionalized (e.g.

Professionalization of DAO governance encourages homogenization.

And given that DAOs are often set up to run radically new experiments, growing isomorphism in DAO governance is not a foregone conclusion, even though that is what the anecdotal evidence discussed above seems to support.

Varying degrees of isomorphism in DAO governance are simply a reflection of how different o…

This piece is about one thing: what is the initial distribution of the capital that underpins a cryptonetwork?

In a recent conversation between the Placeholder and USV teams, Fred Wilson commented that with organizations he’s experienced going south over time it can often be traced back to an original sin at inception (team, approach, economics or any other pivotal decision).

For crypto, an original sin we regularly observe is insiders owning too much of systems that are marketed as public, egalitarian networks.

At Placeholder we have targeted 1-5% network ownership on a fully-diluted basis, with Placeholder’s most concentrated position coming in at 7% ownership fully-diluted.

If you want t…

We present a method for constructing Constant Function Market Makers (CFMMs) whose portfolio value functions matches a desired payoff.

More specifically, we show that the space of concave, nonnegative, nondecreasing, 1-homogeneous payoff functions and the space of convex CFMMs are equivalent; in other words, every CFMM has a concave, nonnegative, nondecreasing, 1-homogeneous payoff function, and every payoff function with these properties has a corresponding convex CFMM.

We demonstrate a simple method for recovering a CFMM trading function that produces this desired payoff.

This method uses only basic tools from convex analysis and is intimately related to Fenchel conjugacy.

We demonstrate …

Economic conditions, technology, and human practice are all subject to change, and thus approaches to systemic risk mitigation must also evolve over time.

Before considering strategies for systemic risk mitigation, it is important to identify individual types of risk with systemic implications.

Similarly, systemic risk mitigation in DeFi relies heavily on how risk and emergency situations are managed at the level of individual users, businesses, and networks.

In comparison to traditional finance, the key technological advantages of DeFi as it relates to systemic risk mitigation are higher levels of digitization, transparency, and automation.

It may therefore seem premature to think about sy…

Constant function market makers (CFMMs) such as Uniswap, Balancer, Curve, and mStable, among many others, make up some of the largest decentralized exchanges on Ethereum and other blockchains.

Because all transactions are public in current implementations, a natural next question is if there exist similar decentralized exchanges which are privacy-preserving; i.e., if a transaction’s quantities are hidden from the public view, then an adversary cannot correctly reconstruct the traded quantities from other public information.

In this note, we show that privacy is impossible with the usual implementations of CFMMs under most reasonable models of an adversary and provide some mitigating strateg…

This value proposition hit a chord: in its first 8 weeks of life, over 1,000 open source projects published their code to the Radicle network – and growing day by day.

In February 2021, Radicle launched an Ethereum blockchain integration along with the creation of the RAD governance token.

Third, it enables decentralized funding of open source projects.

This alone is a big innovation, prone to catalyze a new era of open source funding.

We have been working with the Radicle development team for over three years, but this launch is just the beginning of the network’s journey.

Create an Unchained accountThe first thing you need to do to to set up your Unchained vault is create an Unchained account.

Set up your bitcoin hardware walletsThe next step toward building your own Unchained multisig vault is preparing your hardware wallets.

If you plan to keep your Unchained vault as cold storage and don’t plan to withdraw bitcoin often, sign on your own probably makes the most sense for you.

Simply name your vault, select the two keys you uploaded to your Unchained account earlier, review your vault, and click Create.

These are the tools that created your Unchained vault and afford you complete control of your bitcoin as long as they remain in your possession.

At Unchained Capital, we instill a culture built around bitcoin and deliver long-term value to clients.

We expect it to be adopted by billions of people and emerge as the global standard of value due to the credibility of its monetary properties.

Over the course of this year, we have invested in and formalized what we believe is the right atomic unit built around the client to establish enduring relationships and deliver the highest value experience.

The three core columns of this unit are Client Solutions, Concierge, and Client Service.

Each column fulfills a unique function, and when added together, ensure our clients always receive the highest standard of care in bitcoin.

Joshua joins Unchained from Square, where we evolved compliance management systems across Square’s payments, lending, and bitcoin services.

He was a key contributor to Square’s bitcoin grants program, helping fund various foundational bitcoin projects.

Before Square, Joshua worked at the Office of Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) for over ten years.

“Many companies in the industry take a conventional approach to compliance, which is a bit like trying to hammer a square peg into a round hole.

The Unchained team is thinking about compliance in a new way, and I’m looking forward to innovating together and empowering more bitcoin holders to truly own their wealth.” – Joshua Preston, Chief Comp…

And, as Phil Geiger often likes to point out here at Unchained, $35 trillion in US assets are locked into retirement accounts.

Freeing these assets from the fiat financial system will go a long way to speeding up bitcoin adoption.

Building a smoother path to self-sovereign retirementOver the years, many of my clients have been Unchained clients.

While this system resulted in many happy clients, it lacked the smooth integration that investors are used to within a traditional brokerage IRA.

If you’d like to be kept updated about our bitcoin IRA launch news, join our email waitlist below.

After a smooth migration this morning, you can now find the Unchained Capital site at unchained.com!

And, in all honesty, we’re glad to see the old hyphen go too!

As we continue to expand the product and engineering teams following our fundraise in June, we’ve got lots more usability and design improvements on the way that will improve your experience on our site and platform.

Update your bookmarksWe’ve meticulously prepared to ensure that there are no disruptions to our services, and all old links will redirect to the relevant place on our site (but if you spot any broken links, let us know!).

However, as we continue to grow and update the site, this will gradually start to change, so make…

At Unchained Capital, we are building a platform for individuals and businesses storing long-term wealth in bitcoin.

KeyKeeper IRA joins UnchainedWhen we think about solving the comprehensive needs of our clients, retirement and inheritance are both critical areas of focus.

We could not be more excited to combine the KeyKeeper brand with Unchained and to have Jeff join the Unchained team full-time as our Head of Retirement and Inheritance.

As a team, we’ve worked closely with Jeff over the past year, and personally, I’ve known Jeff for many years.

The Unchained bitcoin IRA, coming soonTogether, we have big plans and our clients will benefit immensely as we integrate retirement and inheritan…

Bitcoin fee estimation is tricky business.

There are many different approaches to automated Bitcoin fee estimation, each with its own tradeoffs, but one organization that has totally nailed it is The Mempool Open Source Project.

We’re now integratedWe’re pleased to reveal that the Unchained Capital platform’s fee estimation is now powered by mempool.space, The Mempool Open Source Project’s hosted block explorer service.

We want to meaningfully support the projects developed outside of the Unchained walls that we rely on, so we’ve signed up as an official enterprise sponsor of The Mempool Open Source Project, and we’ll be providing monthly contributions to help with the continuing developmen…

Unchained Capital, Inc. announced today the initial closing of a $25 million Series A capital raise led by institutional bitcoin technology and financial services firm NYDIG and parent company Stone Ridge Holdings Group.

AUSTIN, TEXAS – June 4, 2021 – Unchained Capital, Inc. announced today the initial closing of a $25 million Series A capital raise led by institutional bitcoin technology and financial services firm NYDIG and parent company Stone Ridge Holdings Group.

In February, NYDIG made an initial investment in Unchained Capital through a minority equity stake and agreed to provide $50 million of lending capital.

The partnership between Unchained and NYDIG creates synergies beyond simply capital.

“The partnership between NYDIG and Unchained makes sense on so many levels.

About NYDIGNYDIG provides Bitcoin investment and technology solutions to insurers, banks, corporations, institutions, and HNW individ…

With Bitcoin 2021 just around the corner, we are very excited to announce that Ted Rogers and Jimmy Song have joined the team at Unchained Capital as senior Advisors.

Ted helped lead and scale Xapo through critical years from 2014 to 2019, culminating in the sale of Xapo’s institutional business to Coinbase.

Like Ted, Jimmy Song is a long-time veteran in the bitcoin community.

In addition to Programming Blockchain, Jimmy is the author of Programming Bitcoin, published by O’Reilly Media in 2019.

We could not be more excited to have Jimmy advising our engineering team and contributing to our engineering strategy in a more formal capacity.

Abstract: We examine the idea of outsourcing stake to third party validators in the Proof of Stake process, which potentially decouples the coin holders from the consensus agents.

TokenisationThe entities performing the outsourced staking as a service could also issue tokens to their clients, representing shares in the staking pool.

However, the staking pool tokens could still remain popular after ETH 2.0 launches, because the staking pool tokens would still have a faster redemption mechanism, making them appealing.

But also on-chain products with lower risk, such as a way to stake stETH and give up some of the yield in exchange for an extra layer of insurance.

ConclusionIn our view, large …

OverviewBack in May 2020 we gave an overview of the mechanics and the main processes in Ethereum’s proposed PoS system.

This is in contrast to other rewards, for instance attestor rewards, which decline per attestor as the total amount at stake increases.

The main issue here is understanding the philosophy of those that designed the PoS system, principally and evolutionary philosophy.

Most PoS advocates appear to have no ambition of finding a perfect PoS system that can be robust for decades, instead they seek a strong system that can be upgraded and refined.

Therefore the above PoS system should not be thought of as a final system design, it is only an experiment and it may change.

If we were forced to guess, we would say there could be one more financial boom and bust cycle left, before the ultimate inflationary endgame.

At some point we will need a system reset and the plumbing of the financial system will need to be re-engineered.

Of course, when the Fed does tighten the taps too far, which we think may happen, it is likely crypto assets may be hit hard.

The motivation for this appears to be that this is an interesting endeavour and perhaps it is subconsciously appealing as it will provide more power and control to the central bankers.

These somewhat odd tactics could fall on deaf ears, with respect to both the public and politicians and therefore central bankers m…

BitMEX Research is delighted to announce that as of 31 August 2021, we have become an active staker on the Ethereum Beacon chain (Eth 2.0).

Therefore BitMEX Research has become a staker.

We have noticed some in the Ethereum community complain about this and discuss the idea of lowering the minimum requirement.

With regards to staking, the choice for us was easy, we went with a large cloud services provider, this is easier than attempting to stake from a local device.

If the staker goes offline you begin to get penalties and this is not something that can be avoided with other options.

Downloading the reserve and liability data filesAs at 29 July 2021, BitMEX has published details of its Bitcoin reserves and liabilities at the snapshot point, as a one-off demonstration exercise.

The full reserve and liability files can be downloaded here:https://public.bitmex.com/?prefix=data/porl/Proof of ReservesA screenshot of the BitMEX reserves file is provided below.

Screenshot of the BitMEX Reserves FileSource: BitMEXThe database consists of around 300,000 UTXOs.

Currently BitMEX has not provided the necessary account details to its clients for them to conduct the process, however the BitMEX insurance fund account details are provided.

Working Demonstration of Proof of Liabilities …

Abstract: We examine the state of proof of assets and proof of liability schemes in the cryptocurrency space, systems whereby exchanges publish a list of user balances, which add up to the total exchange liability.

Proof of AssetsIn the cryptocurrency space, implementing a proof of assets system is simpler than a proof of liabilities system.

Proof of LiabilitiesIn contrast to a proof of assets, a proof of liabilities is a much more challenging concept.

For example the public can see all the account balances and if account balances do not change (for example dormant accounts) it may be possible to link the accounts together.

Leaf index The leaf index is a necessary field because it prevents …

Chapter 21 of the book The Blocksize War is published below.

However, after the drama and shenanigans of the blocksize war, one thing is clear: there is still hope that the claim is true.

This would then make Bitcoin Cash more profitable to mine, driving miners away from Bitcoin and towards Bitcoin Cash.

If the Bitcoin Cash price increased and more miners joined, the Bitcoin Cash difficulty would increase, thereby driving miners back to Bitcoin before the Bitcoin difficulty ever adjusted downwards.

In November 2018, just over one year since Bitcoin Cash had launched, there were tensions in the Bitcoin Cash community.

January 2031The Blocksize War – Chapter 20 – SegWit2xMost small blockers had been largely quiet when it came to their campaign against phase two of the NYA, hoping for phase one to occur successfully before engaging more aggressively.

On August 31, one of the mining pools which signed the agreement, F2Pool, announced its intention not to support SegWit2x.

On top of that, 99.94% of nodes & SPV clients will automatically follow that longest chain (segwit2x).

As the proposed consensus protocol Segwit2x project appears likely to activate, we have elected to designate the Segwit2x fork as B2X, for now.

So much for the idea of persuading the community to support SegWit2x; at this point, its propo…

Bitcoin Cash therefore lowered the difficulty requirement, which had another inadvertent benefit: it meant the Bitcoin Cash block headers were incompatible with Bitcoin, and therefore even Bitcoin light clients and mobile wallets would always know not to follow the Bitcoin Cash chain.

The impact of this was that the capacity of the Bitcoin Cash network oscillated in a volatile way, which proved to be a major weakness and impacted the reliability of Bitcoin Cash as a payment network.

The message in the Bitcoin Cash blocks was just marketing, and the owner of the organisation, Peter Ng, also had a mining farm he had allocated to Bitcoin Cash to help market his new venue.

However, Kraken, for …

January 2031The Blocksize War – Chapter 18 – New York AgreementOn May 22, 2017, there was a meeting in New York arranged by Barry Silbert, of Digital Currency Group (DCG), aimed at resolving the conflict.

The following document referred to as the New York Agreement (NYA), was published.

Finally, on June 5, 2017, Jeff caved in under the pressure and included BIP 91 in his BTC1 client.

As for the BTC1 client, it appeared to be full of bugs, even after implementing BIP 91.

Jeff was also under considerable pressure to add replay protection to the BTC1 client, however he opposed this.

Ultimately the rules of Bitcoin work because they’re enforced by the users collectively– that is what makes Bitcoin Bitcoin, it’s what makes it something people can count on: the rules aren’t easy to just change.

In his mind, the fact that BIP 148 was a softfork, a subset of the current consensus rules, was a significant advantage and would help force miners to switch to the BIP 148 chain.

The large blockers often derided the small blockers as insignificant and naive.

If one invested in the BIP 148 token, you could only get a payout if both the BIP 148 token chain and the original rules chain (the non-BIP 148 chain) continued to exist.

Therefore, investing in a token dependent on the contin…

Chapter 16 of the book The Blocksize War is published below.

January 2031The Blocksize War – Chapter 16 – LitecoinOne strategy discussed in the Dragons’ Den in this period was the activation of SegWit on Litecoin, an alternative coin, often considered as a close relative to Bitcoin.

Support for SegWit among the Litecoin miners was gradually increasing, however it was still low and it was uncertain if activation would occur.

He explained to me that he didn’t want SegWit in Litecoin, without Litecoin also having a hardfork blocksize increase.

However, this didn’t seem logical because, unlike Bitcoin, Litecoin did not have full blocks at all.

The following day, large blockers discovered a video presentation by Bram Cohen, the inventor of Bittorrent, which was given in January 2017.

The large blockers are also likely to have had secret communication and coordination channels focusing on public relations.

To me, there was one clear takeaway from this “scandal”; I simply had to get inside the Dragons’ Den.

I made it into the depths of the Dragons’ Den.

This war was also a meme war, and the “Dragons”, as members of the channel were sometimes called, were very involved in meme production.

January 2031The Blocksize War – Chapter 14 – ASICBoostOn Wednesday April 5, 2017, another bombshell was set off, this time by the small blockers.

The Bitcoin block header is 80 bytes in size and therefore it is split between two chunks — chunk 1 and chunk 2.

Maybe Bitmain’s point was that they were not doing covert ASICBoost, but even if they were, so what?

Extension blocks were a way to get a softfork blocksize limit increase and retain the ability to conduct covert ASICBoost.

Even today, I am genuinely unsure of whether Bitmain was using covert ASICBoost on the mainnet or not.

January 2031The Blocksize War – Chapter 13 – ExchangesIn the year or so that the war had been raging, the industrial landscape of the cryptocurrency ecosystem had changed considerably.

They issued a joint announcement, indicating that they would not regard Bitcoin Unlimited as Bitcoin, even if it had a majority of the hashing power.

Since it appears likely we may see a hardfork initiated by the Bitcoin Unlimited project, we have decided to designate the Bitcoin Unlimited fork as BTU (or XBU).

As for the price of the Bitcoin Unlimited token, it never reached more than 20 percent of the price of the Bitcoin.

Finally, at the end of the year, the Bitcoin Unlimited token expired worthless, as no…

YoutubeMp3Today, I’m sitting down with Anish Agnihotri, who is a research associate and colleague of mine at Paradigm.

Anish has a fascinating backstory from becoming an entrepreneur at a really young age to later going deep into skin trading.

We discuss how that skill transfers to NFT trading and how we see the market structure of both primary and secondary markets for NFTs.

Finally, Anish shares some actionable advice on how he learns and how to build projects in crypto.

This was a deep and fascinating conversation and I hope you’ll enjoy it.

The Defi bull market, started by COMP liquidity mining in Summer 2020, has turned many Defi protocols into rapidly growing revenue monsters.

Native tokens are not assetsWhile Defi tokens are not considered equity in the legal sense, we can still learn from how traditional companies account for their shares.

We hope you see the connection to native tokens in DAO treasuries: these are the crypto-equivalent of authorized but unissued shares.

Real Defi treasuriesIgnoring authorized but unissued shares allows us to get a different, much more accurate picture of Defi treasuries.

MKR token price through this period averaged around $500.

We will take a look at how professional arbitrageurs expand and contract the supply of a stablecoin based on the current demand of the market, how Dai’s model is different and why the lack of a professional arbitrage model makes Dai fundamentally unscalable.

For our latest episode, I sat down with MEV Senpai, one of the top searchers in Ethereum.

He gave us the unique inside perspective of someone who finds and captures MEV himself.

The result was a long & intense convo, one of the best I’ve had in a while.

We discussed:The structure and actors of the MEV gameWhat is searching, how can you learn it, what edges existIntro to private relays and transaction bundlesThe role of Flashbots in DEX tradingand, of course, the hot topic of the day: short-term reorgs in EthereumEnjoy!

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After a tumultuous month in crypto, Su and I discuss the state of the market and what we see on the horizon.

Listen to conversations between Su Zhu, the CEO and CIO of Three Arrows Capital, and Hasu, an experienced crypto researcher and writer.

Together with occasional guests, we explore the transformative nature of trust-minimized currency and financial services.

Subscribe to the PodcastOther episodes

I went on the Unhashed Podcast to discuss the findings from our recent paper on Bitcoin’s security model.

If you are looking for a less formal entry point to the topic of Bitcoin’s security, or have already read the paper and want to hear more, this show is for you.

First, you no longer publish a fee-paying transaction to the public mempool.

Instead, you sign a transaction and submit it off-chain to the CowSwap relayer, which handles all the execution.

Second, and this gets us to real innovation, CowSwap looks for so-called “coincidents of wants” or CoWs before sending your order to the regular on-chain exchanges.

Because there’s no point in reordering trades that have the same price, this also eliminates MEV as well.

Please enjoy my conversation on CowSwap with Felix Leupold.

Su is sitting out today, and I instead welcome Charlie Noyes and Georgios Konstantopoulos of Paradigm, one of the largest investment funds in crypto.

So like, that’s a pretty that’s that’s a that’s a very interesting situation.

Charlie Noyes 36:54I think that’s true.

I think that’s probably more of a general comment about non application specific security layers.

And I don’t want you to, I don’t want you to comment on the price, because I know that’s not really possible.

Hasu: I don’t actually don’t think that’s it, but you’re very good at the self-deprecating humor, I must say.

But I just don’t think that’s an investment argument.

If I’m going to do the funny money, if I’m going to do the weird internet money, I need more than a three X.” And then they start looking down CoinMarketCap, or CoinGecko or whatever.

Cobie: Honestly, I don’t think it was a very high quality rambling as you’ve just witnessed in this follow-up ramble.

If I’m going to make some closing remarks, since I’ve got the opportunity to record my own closing of the podcast.

In this episode, Su and I discuss the rise of WallStreetBets and financial populism in general.

As one of the most experienced market participants I know, Su has a unique perspective on the story behind the GameStop short squeeze.

We explore why he thinks it is going to end in tears for small investors, which invisible rules of the traditional financial system have been laid bare for everyone to see, and how all of this massively validates crypto and Defi going forward.

Listen to the Episode now

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